Water Treatment 101
What is the first stage in the water treatment process?
Intake
What is the water cycle?
A continuous pattern in nature in which water moves as it changes state above, on, and below the surface of Earth.
What is the chemical formula for water?
H2O
What is desalination?
Any process that removes salt from water, producing pure water and solid salt.
If particles are close together and cannot move freely but vibrate, what state of matter is this water in?
Solid
What is the final stage in the water treatment process?
Storage
What is precipitation?
Solid or liquid water that falls to Earth’s surface.
What are 3 ways humans use water?
Hygiene, drinking, safety (fighting fires), recreation (hockey, swimming), cleaning, watering crops)
Which stage in the desalination process takes water from the ocean?
Intake
If particles are far apart and moving very quickly in all directions, what state of matter is this water in?
Gas
Alum is added to a water tank in what stage of the water treatment process?
What is evaporation?
The change of state from a liquid to a gas; occurs when a liquid gains thermal energy.
Taste - no taste, Smell - no smell, Looks - clear, Feels - wet, Sounds - splashy, etc.
Which step in the desalination process takes out large solids out of the water?
Pre-treatment filtration
How much of the Earth's water is salt water?
97%
At what stage in the water treatment process does floc settle at the bottom of the tank?
Sedimentation
What is condensation?
The change of state from a gas to a liquid; occurs when a gas loses thermal energy.
What is groundwater?
Water that seeps through soil and cracks in rock; source of water for underground springs and wells.
Which stage in the desalination process removes finer particles from the water source?
Cartridge Filter
What is it called when thermal energy is increased on a solid and the state of matter changes to a gas?
Sublimation
In what stage of the water treatment process does chlorine or ozone to kill off organisms?
Disinfection
What process is occurring when water vapour (gas) freezes into snow (solid) on top of mountains?
Deposition
A large area of ice that permanently covers land is called what?
Ice cap
Which stage in the desalination process forces molecules through a semi-permeable membrane?
Reverse osmosis
Which First Nations community has been in a boil water advisory for the past 30 years?
Neskantaga First Nation