Verses (vs.)
Water that contains sodium chloride (salt) vs. water with dissolved salt concentration less than 1%
Fresh water vs. Salt water
Water occurring in a natural environment, with more salinity than fresh water, but not as much as sea water.
Found in estuaries where river meets sea
Brackish water
Deposit on the Earth of rain, hail, mist, sleet, or snow (product of condensation)
Precipitation
-A dry region having little rainfall
-Sheltered from rain by a range of hills/bottom of mountainous areas
Rain shadow
Occurs when density differences exist within a body of liquid or gas that result in rising and/or falling currents
Convection cells
timing and total yield of water from a watershed vs. the suitability of water for drinking and use
water quality vs water quantity
Contaminated water with harmful substances- usually chemicals/microorganisms that degrade the water quality vs. water that has been mechanically filtered and processed to make it suitable for use
Polluted water vs purified water
Process of water movement through a plant/ the evaporation of water through plants
Transpiration
Bodies of saturated rock and sediment through which water can move
Provide 99% of our groundwater + humans rely on aquifers for most of our drinking water.
Aquifer
Atmospheric circulation that features air rising near the Equator, where the ground is heated by the sun.
Flows toward the poles above the surface of the Earth, returns to the Earth's surface in the subtropics, and flows back towards the equator
Hadley cell
Water content of water vapor/elements in the air vs. percentage of water vapor in the air at a given temperature
Humidity vs. relative humidity
Water that originates from rain (including snow and ice melt and does not soak into the ground
Storm water
The process of change of the physical state of matter, from gas to liquid
Condensation
Any surface area from which runoff resulting from rainfall is collected and drained through a common point.
-Separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas
Watershed
-Reverse of the airflow in the Hadley cell
-Air flows poleward and eastward near the surface and towards the equator and westward at higher altitudes
Ferrel cell
the water loss occurring from the processes of evaporation and transpiration vs. the water lost through the leaves of plants
Evapotranspiration
Water that is underground beneath the lands surface, can be found in soil or in pores
Ground water
Process of a liquid slowly passing through a filter/ movement of water through soil
Percolation
Water, from rain, snowmelt, or other sources, that flows over the land surface, and is a major component of the water cycle
Surface runoff
-Air in these cells sinks over the highest latitudes and flows out towards the lower latitudes at the surface
-The smallest and weakest cells
Polar cell
Three types of water footprints (extent of water use in relation to consumption):
evaporated water from rain/humidity vs. water polluted through goods vs introduced to products and returned to the environment
Grey water footprint vs. Green water footprint vs Blue water footprint
Water that moves through the soil, influenced by gravity + the water that remains in the soil after the moved water is drained out
Gravitational water and Capillary water
Where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater/ the water that percolates in the soil
Recharge