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Watershed 1
Watershed 2
Geology 1
Geology 2
Chesapeake Bay
100
What is an estuary?
An estuary is a partially enclosed body of water where fresh water from rivers and streams mixes with salt water from the ocean. Estuaries are areas of transition between the land and the sea. They are often called bays, harbors, inlets or sounds
100
What is the average depth (in feet) of Chesapeake Bay? *Answer needs to be within 5 feet of the correct answer.
21 feet
100
What is Earth's surface broken into?
Plates
100
List the three basic types of rock
Sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic
100
What function do wetlands perform within estuaries?
Wetlands act as buffers between land and water. They prevent water from moving inland and protect peoples' homes
200
What is something you can do to improve the quality of the water in your watershed?
Answers will vary.
200
Name two problems for estuaries such as Chesapeake Bay.
Answers will vary.
200
Define metamorphic rock and give one example of a metamorphic rock.
A metamorphic rock is a result of a transformation of a pre-existing rock. The original rock is subjected to very high heat and pressure, which cause obvious physical and/or chemical changes. Examples of these rock types include marble, slate, gneiss, schist
200
Define sedimentary rock and give an example of that type.
Rock that has formed through the deposition and solidification of sediment, especially sediment transported by water (rivers, lakes, and oceans), ice ( glaciers ), and wind. Sedimentary rocks are often deposited in layers. Limestone and shale are common sedimentary rocks.
200
What two nutrients are the main problem in the Bay?
Nitrogen and phosphorus
300
Which six states make up the Chesapeake Bay watershed?
Pennsylvania, New York, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia
300
How large (in square miles) is the Chesapeake Bay watershed?
64,000
300
Define igneous rock and give an example of an igneous rock.
Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava Examples: granite, basalt, obsidian
300
Name the six landforms you used in the riddle book you made.
Hills, mountains, valleys, canyons, plains, volcanoes
300
What are two effects of algal blooms?
They block sunlight from reaching underwater grasses, and create dead zones that Ron the water of oxygen, thereby suffocating marine life.
400
List the five major rivers that run into Chesapeake Bay
Susquehanna, Potomac, York, James, Rappahannock
400
What happens to the salinity as you move south through Chesapeake Bay? Why? Both parts must be correct (no partial credit).
It increases because the southern part is closest to the open ocean where the salinity is high.
400
Compare the way foliated and non-foliated rocks look.
Foliated rocks appear to have bands, or lines. Non-foliated have random assortments, the layers are not aligned in planes
400
Describe the difference between felsic and mafic igneous rock.
Felsic= Light colored Mafic = dark colored
400
Describe two reasons why oyster numbers have decreased in Chesapeake Bay.
Disease and habitat loss
500
Which river contributes the most fresh water to the Bay (50% of the fresh water that enters the Bay!
The Susquehanna
500
What are two reasons why oysters are important to Chesapeake Bay?
They filter water As a source of revenue for local economies
500
What causes some igneous rocks to be coarse-grained?
The rate of cooling. If the rock cools slowly, the grains will appear to be larger and more coarse.
500
Describe the difference between intrusive and extrusive sedimentary rock.
Intrusive: magma pushes into surrounding rock below Earth's surface Extrusive: forms when magma erupts onto the Earth's surface and cools quickly
500
What are three major sources of excess nutrients in the Bay?
Wastewater treatment plants, agricultural run-off, and air pollution