Physical Geography
Which African region receives the most rainfall?
Western Africa
Name one major feature of colonialism.
subjugation and displacement of indigenous people, exploitation of the land for resources, assimilation of indigenous people to the colonizer's culture
King Leopold
Why was the Cape Colony strategically positioned?
It was on the way to Asia from Europe
What were the main economic activities of Somalia pre-colonization?
Raising livestock, trade, precious gums, ostrich feathers, animal products
Which region of Africa is in danger of becoming desert due to overgrazing and overpopulation?
Name the 1884–1885 meeting where Europeans divided African territory without African representation.
the Berlin Conference
Name one of the main resources the Belgians wanted from the Congo.
ivory or rubber
Which European group formed the Cape Colony?
What religion did the Somalis adopt early on?
Islam
Which geographic feature is formed by two tectonic plates pulling apart in Eastern Africa?
rift valleys
What is one way Europeans justified colonization?
they were going to civilize Africa, get rid of barbaric practices, provide them with manufactured goods
How were the Congolese treated by the Belgians? Give an example.
Horribly. Kidnappings, mutilation, hostages, forced labor.
What was the group that the British fought in southern Africa in order to gain control and use them for cheap labor in mines and sugar plantations?
Zulus
Which two countries colonized Somalia?
Great Britain and Italy
Which structure has caused reduced soil fertility in Egypt?
Aswan High Dam
What was one agricultural impact of the colonization of Africa?
Europeans made Africans grow cash crops, reducing their ability to engage in subsistence farming and increasing their reliance on Europe for food crop imports, leading to long term issues such as famine and malnutrition.
Who was the British journalist who revealed the atrocities committed in the Congo internationally?
Edmund Morel
What was the system of extreme segregation in all walks of life in South Africa?
apartheid
How did the European powers differ in their rule of Somalia?
The British were more hands-off while the Italians were present and ruled directly.
Which geographic feature spans the distance between the Atlantic and Red Sea?
the Sahara
Why was the Industrial Revolution a major factor in the colonization of Africa?
Europeans had a surplus of goods and no one to sell them to, so they needed a new market where they could make money. Additionally, they needed many of the raw materials available in Africa for manufacturing.
What is a current issue occurring in the Congo?
Ethnic conflict / M23 movement
The South African Dutch were referred to as Afrikaners or _________.
Boers
When did Somaliland and Somalia gain independence?
1960