Not Working Right
alveoli fill with fluid (or infection), impairing gas exchange
pneumonia
air that is inhaled and exhaled WITHOUT effort
TV - tidal volume
what is the proper name for voicebox
larynx
what do we call the separations in lung lobes
fissures
name the divisions and zones of the respiratory system
divisions: upper and lower
zones: conducting and respiration
Injury in which air enters the pleural cavity, collapsing the lung
pneumothorax
IRV - inspiratory reserve volume
what holds the trachea open?
cartilage rings
Where precisely does the respiratory interface (meet with) the circulatory system?
where the capillaries touch the alveoli
what percent of lung volume is actually used in normal breathing
8-10%
reversible airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction that causes wheezing, difficulty
asthma
a lung volume that cannot be measured with spirometry
RV - residual volume
what are the small branching airways called
bronchioles
what part of respiratory system never touches air but works 60/24/7
diaphragm
What is the purpose of having multiple separate lung lobes?
compartmentalization
alveolar wall destruction reduces surface area and recoil, air gets trapped
emphysema
The volume of air that can be both inhaled and exhaled WITH maximum effort
VC - vital capacity
what flap prevents food/liquid from entering respiratory organs
epiglottis
What keeps foreign substances from getting too far into the respiratory system?
nose: mucus, nostril hairs
which lung is smaller and why?
left, to accommodate the heart
progressive scarring causes stiffening of lung tissue, impaired gas exchange
pulmonary fibrosis
TV + IRV + ERV + RV = ?
TLC - total lung capacity (also = VC + RV)
In cardiopulmonary circulation, what is the difference between the systemic loop and the pulmonary loop?
systemic is between heart and body whereas pulmonary is between heart and lungs.
In the respiratory system, there are two lungs and two _____ .
bronchi
_____ is how O2 and CO2 cross the alveolar and capillary walls
diffusion