Epidemiology Overview
What is Epidemiology?
A field of science that studies health problems within populations to prevent diseases
What is a case?
A person who has a disease which is being detected upon health professionals
A human or animal who is susceptible to a disease
What are the two general modes of transmission?
Indirect and Direct Transmission
What is primary prevention?
Preventing a disease from happening in the first place
What is a Pandemic?
An epidemic that has spread to multiple countries and infected a large amount of people
What is a primary case?
The first case in a population that has the reported disease
__ duration of the course of the illness
Time
__ requires physical contact within the host and the susceptible person
Direct Transmission
What is secondary prevention?
Health screenings and detection on individual to identify diseases
What is a pathogen?
A virus, fungus, bacteria or parasite that results in a disease or illness.
What is a suspect case?
An individual or group of people who has the symptoms of a disease but not yet "confirmed"
What does the Epidemiology Triangle consist of?
The host, the agent, the environment and time
When a person sneezes
What are ways of active primary prevention?
Stopping the habit of smoking, Switching to a well balanced diet, exercising
What are the two types of Epidemiology?
Analytic and Descriptive
___ is the first disease case that has brought attention to health professionals
How can this triangle be broken?
Basic health knowledge, proper sanitation and isolating the agent from its thriving environment.
What is vector borne transmission?
Does not cause the disease itself but responsible for helping the pathogen get to the host.
What is passive primary prevention?
Does not require a behavior change like active primary prevention.
A process which infectious disease transmission takes place.
___ is not always the primary case
Index Case
What is an example of a host?
Unvaccinated individuals, Elders, healthcare workers
What are two examples of a vector borne transmission?
Malaria, Lyme Disease, Viral encephalitis
What is tertiary prevention?
Preventing anymore advancements in diseases by providing rehabilitation