Weather and Climate
the long-term pattern of weather in a particular area.
Climate
A measure of how hot or cold something is.
The transfer of heat through direct contact between materials.
Conduction
The continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, land, and oceans is called the
Water Cycle
The short-term state of the atmosphere, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, and wind.
Weather
The amount of energy in a system.
Heat
The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (like air or water).
Convection
The process where water vapor cools and turns back into liquid droplets.
Condensation
An instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure, which helps predict weather changes.
Barometer
Equator
The main source of energy that drives weather patterns is
Solar Energy
Forms when warm, less dense fluid rises and cool, more dense fluid sinks, moving thermal energy around the Earth.
convection current
Low Pressure
The amount that Earth's axis leans, which causes the seasons to change
tilt
The layer of gases that surrounds the Earth.
Atmosphere
The transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves, like sunlight traveling through space.
Radiation
The downward force that pulls molecules in the atmosphere toward Earth's surface and drives precipitation.
Gravity
What percentage of the solar energy that reaches Earth is absorbed by the planet's surface?
The process by which gases in the atmosphere trap heat, keeping the Earth warm enough to support life.
Greenhouse Effect
The temperature at which air becomes fully saturated with water vapor and condensation begins.
Dew Point