General
What location on Earth receives the most incoming solar radiation?
The equator
Barometer
When was the "Storm of the Century"?
1993
What clouds produce rain?
Cumulus/Cumulonimbus
How is a warm, cold, and occluded front symbolized on a map?
Warm: Red, semi-circles; Cold: Blue, triangles; Occluded: Purple, triangles and semi-circles
When do most tornadoes occur?
April to June
Tool used to measure the direction from which the wind is blowing
Wind vane
What does a tornado need to form?
High CAPE, vertical wind shear, lift, atmospheric instability.
What is wrong with this drawing?
Describe the motion of high and low pressures in the northern hemisphere.
Low pressure: counterclockwise; High pressure: clockwise
What starts the movement of wind? (+100 if you can say what turns it)
Pressure gradient force. Coriolis force and friction.
Type of front that forms when a cold front 'catches up' to a warm front.
Occluded front
What are the stages of an extratropical cyclone?
1. Cyclogenesis; 2. Mature; 3. Occluded
It is warmer during a cloudy night because:
Clouds absorb and re-emit radiation back to Earth.
Name the five different airmasses (+100 if you can define all)
Maritime Tropical (warm/moist), Maritime Polar (cool/moist), Continental Tropical (hot/dry), Continental Polar (cold/dry), Arctic (cold/dry)
Why is the sky blue?
Rayleigh Scattering: Particles with shorter wavelengths (blue light) will scatter more efficiently in all directions.
What do these acronyms stand for? LCL, LFC, CCL
LCL: Lifting Condensation Level; LFC: Level of Free Convection; CCL: Convective Condensation Level
For hurricanes to form, ocean water needs to be:
Warmer than 80F/27C
Where is the base of a cloud?
The LCL.
Low surface pressures are usually east/downstream of a ___ and west/upstream of a ___.
Trough; Ridge
Explain the formation of a rainbow and how it relates to wavelength.
Sunlight refracts upon entry, with violet bending the most due to its shorter wavelength. Light then reflects internally, and refracts again on exit.
No heat is exchanged between the parcel and environment
What controversial 2013 EF3 tornado hit Oklahoma, killing the TWISTEX team?
El Reno
Define cloud classification prefixes: Cirro-, Alto-, Strato-, Nimbo-, Cummulo-
Cirro- whispy, curl of hair; Alto- mid; Strato- layer, spread out; Nimbo- rain, precip; Cummulo- heap, clump
Compare subgeostrophic wind to supergeostrophic wind.
Subgeostrophic: wind is slower than geostrophic wind (around trough); Supergeostrophic: wind is faster than geostrophic wind (around ridge)