Properties of Rocks
how tough a mineral is, this is tested by a scratch test.
hardness
Cooling magma below ground and cooling lava above ground form
igneous rocks
the process by which rock materials are broken down by the action of physical and chemical processes
the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transport weathered materials from one location to another
erosion
Rocks come from other _______.
rocks
color of the powder a mineral leaves behind when it is dragged against a surface.
streak
_______ rocks are named according to the size and type of fragments they contain.
sedimentary
fragments of weathered rock that stick together
sediment
How long does weathering/erosion/deposition typically take?
it could take hundreds or thousands of year
A _______ is a naturally occurring and usually inorganic solid
mineral
refers to the way that a mineral shines when light strikes it.
luster
________ igneous rock forms when lava erupts
extrusive
Physical weathering is the _________ breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces.
occurs when the eroded material is dropped, or laid down
deposition
Rocks can also form when existing rocks experience an ___________ in temperature or pressure.
increase
how the mineral breaks.
cleavage
When large changes of temperature, pressure, or both cause the texture and mineral content of existing rock to change over millions of years
metamorphic
Unlike physical weathering, chemical weathering changes the _________ of rocks through a chemical process
composition
They do not destroy ______, instead they move and deposit.
matter
A ____ is a solid with its atoms or molecules arranged in a repeating pattern.
crystal
What is the lowest rock on Mohs Hardness scale?
talc
Rocks undergo metamorphism when their temperatures typically reach ranges of what temperature range?
200 C to 1200 C degrees.
________ ______ also affects a rock’s tendency to weather. A large block of rock will weather more slowly than smaller broken pieces of the same rock will.
surface area
What forces probably formed The Grand Canyon?
water and wind
It has a definite chemical composition and an orderly _______ structure.
internal