Physical Weathering
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks down rocks, erosion moves rocks.
What does chemical weathering do to rocks?
It changes them into something different OR dissolves them completely.
What is saltation?
The movement of sand blowing in the wind.
What is the type of mass movement that contains all or mostly rocks?
A rock fall
What is a layer of similar rock showing a continuous deposition?
Strata
How do plant roots cause physical weathering?
They grow and expand in cracks in the rock causing it to break apart.
What process causes iron rust to form?
Oxidation
What effect do glaciers have on erosion?
They carve the landscape creating deep valleys, gorges, and striations.
What is the slow downhill movement of a section of land called?
Creep
Which features show a cross cutting relationship?
(Look on PP)
Features D and E
What is ice wedging?
The process where water freezes in the cracks of a rock causing the cracks to get larger until the rock breaks.
What living organism slowly dissolves rock over time?
What are headlands?
Projections of hard rock from a shoreline
What is the rapid downhill movement of rocks, soil, and water called?
Mudflow
Which of Steno’s Laws is shown in this diagram?
(Look on PP)
Law of Inclusions
Wind blowing sand against rocks causes what type of weathering?
Abrasion
Dissolution
What is an offshore column of rock that is resistant to erosion?
Sea Stacks
What is it called when very light soil particles blow away over time leaving heavier rocks behind?
Deflation
Layers K, N, D, and others demonstrate which of Steno’s Laws?
(Look on PP)
Original Horizontality
List three of the four things that can cause physical weathering.
Plants
Animals
Water & Ice
Wind
How does pollution from factories contribute to weathering of rocks and statues?
It creates acids that cause them to dissolve more quickly.
What is till?
Unsorted rocks, soil, and sediments left behind by a melting glacier
List three of the four types of mass movements caused by gravity.
Rock fall
Landslide
Mudflow
Creep
What is the third youngest feature in this diagram?
(Look on PP)
Letter E