Would humans and animals be able to survive without weathering? Why not?
No. Weathering is ultimately the cause of breaking down rocks into soil. Without soil, humans wouldn't be able to grow plants.
100
___________ is the process that breaks down natural minerals into smaller pieces
What is weathering?
100
Define mechanical weathering.
What is weathering that is caused by physical force?
100
_________ can slowly be formed when rainwater passes over or through limestone, which dissolves some of the rock and creates holes.
What are caves?
200
Name three properties that geologists use to identify rocks.
What is colour, streak, lustre, hardness, crystal structure, cleavage, magnetism, reaction with certain chemicals
200
This type of weathering is caused by physical force.
What is mechanical weathering?
200
List all four causes of mechanical weathering
What is wind, water, ice, temperature?
200
Define chemical weathering.
What is when there is a chemical reaction between water or air and the materials in rocks.
300
Explain how sedimentary rocks are formed.
What is rock and soil particles and gravel are carried by the river. They sink to the bottom, forming a layer of sediment. Each new layer puts pressure on the layers below. THe lower layers cement into the rock.
300
This type of weathering changes the minerals that are in the rock.
What is chemical weathering?
300
Explain how fast flowing water causes mechanical weathering.
What is rapid water rubs against the rocks, which gradually wears away and smoothes the outer surfaces of the rock.
300
How does chemical weathering destroy statues?
What is pollutants in the air creates acid rain or snow. The mineral calcite in the limestone dissolves as acid rain pours over it, causing the limestone to crumble.
300
Define biological weathering.
What is weathering that is aided by living things, such as plants, animals, and microorganism.
400
Explain the difference between intrusive and extrusive rock.
What is intrusive rocks are igneous rocks that are formed when magma cools below the Earth's surface. Extrusive rock is igneous rock that is formed on the Earth's surface when lava cools.
400
This type of weathering allows plants to grow in rocks
What is biological weathering?
400
A slowly moving mass of ice formed by the compaction of snow.
What is a glacier?
400
How does lichens affect rocks?
What is lichens uses materials in the rock as food. It produces an acid that dissolves and wears down the rocks. When the lichen dies, it leaves a thin layer of weathered rock materials in which other plants can grow.
500
These are rock-like casts, impressions, or actual remains of organisms that were covered by sediment when they died, before they could decompose.
What are fossils?
500
These are the long scratches that glaciers leave on rocks below them.
What is striations?
500
Explain the process of ice wedging.
Water seeps into the cracks of a rock. The water freezes during cold months. As the water freezes, it expands and puts pressure on the walls of the cracks, forcing them to widen or break off.
500
Describe how a tree can grow on rocks.
What is soil gets blown and lands between a crack of a rock. Roots grow in the crack, splitting the rocks more and more as it gets larger.