Mechanical Weathering
This type of mechanical weathering involves the repeated freezing and thawing of water in fractures
What is frost wedging?
This chemical weathering results from the reaction of iron in the rocks with oxygen
What is oxidation?
This is the term that describes the process of turning sediment into sedimentary rocks
What is lithification?
The presence of this feature in a sedimentary rock would indicate that the rock formed in either a lake or some sort of shallow tidal area where water evaporates often, leaving mud exposed.
What are mud cracks?
These composition rocks are more susceptible to chemical weathering
What are mafic rocks?
This type of mechanical weathering involves the growth of salt in fractures
What is salt crystal growth?
This type of chemical weathering results in the dissolving of a mineral or rock in water
What is solution (dissolution)
In order for lithification to occur, these two process must take place
What are compaction and cementation?
If you were to find asymmetrical ripple marks preserved in a rock, you would know the rock formed in this environment
What is a river?
This is the term to describe the rounding of rocks during weathering
What is spheroidal weathering?
This type of weathering involves the breaking down of rocks by living organisms
What is biologic weathering?
This is the term to describe the type of weathering that results in a new substance being formed from the interaction between water and a rock or mineral
What is hydroylsis?
This is the group of sedimentary rocks that form from material precipitated out of solution
What are chemical sedimentary rocks?
If you were to find symmetrical ripple marks in a rock, you would know that it formed in this environment
What is a shoreline environment?
This describes the non uniform weathering of a rock formation
What is differential weathering?
This type of mechanical weathering involves the breaking down of rocks due to regular extreme fluctuations in temperature
What is thermal expansion and contraction?
In general, this climate will increase the rate of chemical weathering
What is hot and humid?
Limestones and coal are examples of this type of sedimentary rock
What are biochemical sedimentary rocks?
The presence of cross-bedding in a rock can tell you the direction of this
What is the wind or the current?
Soil is composed of these four components
What is mineral matter, air, water and organic matter?
This type of weathering can occur when intrusive rocks are brought to the surface and the lithostatic pressure is removed
What is pressure release?
The rate of chemical weathering increases with smaller particle size because of this
What is increased surface area?
This is the correct order of the four steps required to make a sedimentary rock
What is weathering -->transport -->deposition-->lithification
This composition rock will generally produce the best soil
What is mafic?
In general, this type of climate will produce the best type of soil
What is hot and humid?