Text tags and semantics
What is the key visual difference between the <b> and <i> elements?
<b> sets the text to bold, and <i> — to italics.
Which HTML tag is responsible for creating a separate row in a table structure?
The <tr> tag (Table Row).
To which category of measurement units does the value px (pixel) belong?
To absolute (fixed) units of measurement.
Which syntax in VS Code allows you to instantly expand the basic structure of an HTML5 document?
Typing an exclamation mark (!) and pressing Tab or Enter (Emmet plugin).
Which CSS property can be used to change an element's background color?
background-color
Why are the `<strong>` and `<em>` tags needed if they visually duplicate the effect of `<b>` and `<i>`?
To convey semantic meaning (importance and emphasis) to screen readers and search engines.
How does the table header element `<th>` differ by default from a standard cell `<td>`?
By default, text within a `<th>` element is center-aligned and displayed in bold.
Based on which element is the size calculated when using the relative unit `rem`?
From the page's root element <html> (Root em).
Without which attribute is the <a> tag unable to navigate to a web address?
The href attribute.
How do I correctly link an external style.css file to an HTML document?
Via the <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"> tag inside the <head> section.
How many heading levels are defined in the HTML specification, and which one is the smallest in size?
6 levels (from <h1> to <h6>), the smallest being <h6>.
What do the tag abbreviations <ul> and <ol> stand for?
<ul> — Unordered List (bulleted), <ol> — Ordered List (numbered).
If we change the font size for the entire site via the `<html>` element, which unit of measurement changes automatically: px or rem?
rem (since it depends on the size of the root <html> element, unlike fixed px).
What is the role of the `alt` attribute on the `<img>` element?
Displaying a text alternative if the image fails to load, and enabling screen readers to read the information.
What is the fundamental difference between the external 'margin' and the internal 'padding' (Box Model)?
`margin` sets the spacing outside an element's border, while `padding` sets the spacing inside the border, extending to its content.
What is the fundamental structural difference between the block-level element `<div>` and the inline element `<span>`?
A <div> occupies the full available width and starts on a new line, whereas a <span> styles a fragment within a line.
Which tag is required to wrap each individual item inside <ul> or <ol> containers?
tag <li> (List Item).
How does the `em` unit differ from `rem` — which element does it use to calculate the size?
`em` calculates its size based on its immediate parent element, while `rem` does so based on the root `<html>` element.
Which attribute and value need to be added to an <a> tag to make it open in a new tab?
target="_blank"
What element behavior does the CSS rule `box-sizing: border-box` cause?
Includes padding and border dimensions in the element's total width and height, preventing it from expanding.
Why is nesting a block-level `<div>` element inside a `<p>` paragraph container considered an HTML validation error?
The <p> element can contain only inline elements and cannot wrap block-level elements.
Which `<td>` cell attribute allows you to merge several adjacent columns horizontally?
The colspan attribute.
What is the main advantage of relative units (rem, em) compared to fixed-size pixels (px)?
They ensure layout adaptability and correct scaling when browser font settings are changed.
Why does the <img> tag belong to the category of empty (self-closing) elements?
It does not have a closing tag, as it does not contain any nested text or tag content.
You set `color: red;` on the parent element. Why didn't the text inside the `<a>` link turn red, but instead remained blue?
The browser applies its own default styles (User Agent Stylesheet) to links, which have a higher priority than general inheritance from the parent.