LABS
acetaminophen (Tylenol) affects the
Liver
Patient is retaining fluid. Doctor wants you to give 60mg of furosemide (Lasix). In the pyxis you have 40mg/2ml. How much will you give your patient?
Doctors order
Divided by x ml's
Supply
Answer= 3 ml
Advil, Motrin, ibuprofen, aspirin, Bayer, naproxen, Aleeve
NSAID's
(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
Close observation
inspection
The nurse believes that the client is experiencing an allergic reaction response to the IV fluid that is infusing. The HIGHEST priority initial action by the nurse should be:
A. Change the tubing
B. Stop the infusion
C. Monitor the patient closely
D. Notify the physician
Kidneys
Dose ordered 7mg of ondansetron (Zofran) IM. Vial comes packaged 4mg/2ml. How many ml’s will you give your patient?
3.5 mls
Nitroglycerin, metoprolol, warfarin, atorvastatin
Drugs for the heart, blood vessels, and blood
IMMEDIATELY means
Stat
Check for bent tubing, needle against vein wall, or small clot at needle end; the intravenous pole may be too low, or the needle may be out of the vein. Check for damage done from tissue infusion. Stop the infusion and restart it, if required.
A. Failure to infuse properly
B. Allergic reaction
C. IV infiltration
D. Air in tubing
FAILURE TO INFUSE PROPERLY
Medications that end in -statin are used to lower cholesterol
Ex: lovastatin, Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin
What organ should be monitored
LIVER
(check liver functions=ast, alt)
Patient max dose of Rocephin is 1500mg per day. MD states to give dose BID. How many mg's will patient get per dose?
BID=2 times a day
750mg per dose
metoprolol, atenolol, sotalol
Beta blockers
(check heart rate, HOLD med is heart rate is less than 60 in adults)
LIVER
Antidote for Tylenol
Mucomyst
When taking lithium be sure to monitor patients _______ level.
Sodium
If sodium is low, patient will not excrete lithium, therefore, causing lithium toxicity
patient weighs 10kg. MD orders 10mg/kg of ibuprofen. Package of ibuprofen comes 50mg/2.5ml. How many ml's will you give your patient?
10kg x 10mg=100mg
DOSE 100mg divided by 50mg (supply) x 2.5ml
Answer=5 mls
Erythromycin, azithromycin, clindamycin
Marcolides (-end in mycin)
Gelatin containers that hold powder or liquid medicine. Time released or sustained released. Come in a variety of shapes and sizes. CAN NOT BE OPENED, CRUSED OR CHEWED.
Capsule
Liquids with a high sugar content designed to disguise the bitter taste of a drug. Often used in a pediatric setting.
syrups
When taking furosemide (Lasix)=diuretic what lab should you monitor closely
potassium
(deficiency can cause cardiac arrhythmia)
MD orders 4mg of Zofran. Package comes 2mg/ml.
Pharmacy wants you to add 8ml's of saline to the medication you drew up and then run the total volume in 15 mins
what rate will you set your pump
4mg/2mg x 1 ml =2ml
2ml + 8ml=10ml
run 10 ml's in 15 mins
10x 4= 40
ANSWER 40ml/h
prednisone, prednisolone, methyprednisolone
Corticosteroids
things to consider with steroids
1. blood sugar increases
2. patient maybe irritable when taking this medication
3. immunosupressant
4. may cause GI upset/ulcers
5. Can NOT be stopped abruptly, must be tapered off
Liquids with solids, insoluble drug particles dispensed throughout. These solid particles tend to settle out in layers, so the medication must be shaken before pouring.
Suspension
Solutions that have small droplets of water and medication dispersed in oil, or oil and medication dispersed in water. These preparations help disguise the bitter taste of a drug or increase its solubility.
Emulsions