Basic terms
The study of the distribution patterns and causes of health related events
What is epidemiology?
The time period between exposure to a disease and onset of infectiousness
What is a latent period?
((number of deaths during a given period)/(population at risk during the same period))*10^n
What is mortality rate?
Observational, experimental, critical
What are the three different types study designs?
Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention
What are the three levels of prevention?
An increase in the number of disease cases above what is normally expected in a population
What is an epidemic?
The frequency of occurrence of death in a population during a specific interval
What is mortality rate?
(number of deaths from disease/number of diagnosed disease cases)*10^n
What is case fatality rate (CFR)?
Detailed description of the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual
What is a case report?
Cumulative and density
What are the two types of incidence?
Constant presence of a disease within a specific geographic area or population.
What is an endemic?
The frequency at which a disease appears in a population
What is morbidity rate?
(ad)/(bc) OR (a/c)/(b/d)
What is odds ratio?
Comparing individuals with a disease to those without to identify potential risk factors
What is a case-control study?
((the number of existing cases)/(total population))*10^n
What is point prevalence?
An epidemic that has spread to multiple countries and/or continents
What is a pandemic?
A measure of the total number of cases of a disease or health condition in a population at a given time, Incidence*duration
What is prevalence?
(a/(a+b)) / (c/(c+d))
What is risk ratio?
Meta-analysis, systematic review
What are the two types of critical studies?
The probability or likelihood of an event occurring, types include: absolute, relative, attributable, and population attributable
What is risk?
Diseases that are scattered and isolated with no apparent connection
What are sporadic diseases?
The proportion of individuals diagnosed with a disease who die from it within a specified period
What is case fatality rate (CFR)?
(a(c+d))/((a+b)c) OR (a/(a+b))/(c/(c+d)) where a = exposed, w/ disease, b= exposed, w/o disease, c= unexposed, w/ disease, d = unexposed, w/o disease
What is relative risk?
An attribute, characteristic, or exposure that increases the risk of getting a disease
What is a risk factor?
Age-specific, case-specific, and proportionate
What are the three measures of mortality?