foodbourne illness
difference in infection and intoxication
infection: cell causes illness
intoxication: toxins produced by bacteria cause illness
e. coli problems, products of concern, and how to control
EHEC, ETEC, Shiga toxins
raw beef and all raw meat
microbial testing require for beef carcass and trim along with sanitation
FSIS details
public health and meat and poultry eggs
what are the three processes
inspection, labeling, process verification
organic livestock production includes what
national organic program, focuses on a lot, meat and poultry products, and labeled
why are muscle and milk in healthy animals sterile
the skin/hide, immune system, and walls of the gi tract
salmonella problems, products of concern, and how to control
no adverse impact on animals
raw meat, especially poultry
proper sanitation and cooking
APHIS details
animal welfare
inspection details
USDA or FDA, animal health, process, and ingredients, and product as safe for consumers as possible before purchase
what does organic livestock production focus on
animal origin, feed, housing, health care, and processing
harvest procedures to control food borne illness
zero tolerance for fecal, hair, and milk antimicrobial washes
listeria problems, products of concern, and how to control
l. monocytogenes and grows at refrigerated temps, dangerous for pregnant women and immune- compromised
pre-cooked items
proper sanitation with cooked products and proper cooking regulations for RTE product testing and interventions
food and nutrition service details
education and assistance with health
labeling details
all labels must be approved, inspection agency identified, all claims justified, accuracy is critical
what does organic livestock production focus on when it comes to meat and poultry products
Livestock feed 100% organically grown feed and forage, No synthetic hormones and vaccinations, No pesticides on pastures, No sewage sludge for fertilization and genetic engineering, Irradiation is prohibited, All products must originate from certified farms, Animals must be raised from birth to organic standards
ways of temp control
storage/refrigeration, preparation, and sanitation
toxoplasma gondii problems, products of concern, and how to control
dangerous for pregnant women and immuno-compromised
raw animal products
proper sanitation and cooking
FDA details
foods: labeling, safety of food products
drugs: human and vet
pesticides: share w usda and epa
process verification details
people are willing to pay with certain attributes, guarantee is needed for consumers to have trust
why don't we use antibiotics
increased antibiotic usage usually increases antibiotic resistance
why are animal products considered high risk
high microbial load is expectec
campylobacter problems, products of concern, and how to control
common foodborne pathogen
poultry and dairy
sanitation and temp
USDA entails what? USDHHS entails what?
USDA: FSIS, AOHIS, FNS
FDA: FDA
what does porcess verification allow for
consistent interpretations, assurances to consumers, does not speak to other attributes (i.e. quality, safety, etc)
religious slaughter is used where
halal: islamic food laws
kosher: jewish food laws
other similar practices: religious practitioner present while harvesting, no stunning allowed, carcass isnpection