Terms
An everyday object that can be bought by anyone and is then presented as a work of art with minimal intervention or manipulation by the artists
Readymade
Depicted 3 main moments of war: soldiers going in, the middle of the war, and them exiting the battlefield and showed a direct reflection of the artist's own experience and observations
Otto Dix, Der Krieg (The War), 1929-1932, Germany
Invented the Neoplasticism style, the "New Plastic Painting"
Piet Mondrian
A semi-abstract movement in early twentieth century (mostly) French art that used bright, often unmixed colors in an effort to create a direct means of expression separated from earlier naturalistic trends
Fauvism
A group of 8 artists based in New York City who worked in a realist style; Sloan was a core mentor
The Ashcan School
Pushed the material to new expressive bounds—highly polished bronze in order to create a reflective surface
Constantin Brancusi, Bird in Space, 1924, France
His work is viewed as transitional between Dada and Surrealism, particularly his work titled Object
Meret Oppenheim
A semi-abstract movement that took Cubism’s fragmenting of form and space and used those to create an art concerned principally with themes of motion, speed, and dynamism
Futurism
Three types of surrealism
Automatism, Hallucinatory dreamscapes, and juxtaposition of unrelated items
Trying to compose a painting that coneys harmony and balance between the tension of 2 dynamic forces. Dynamic equilibrium. Used black planes rather than lines
Piet Mondrian, Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930, Holland
Received the most negative reviews in the Armory Show for his Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2 painting
Marcel Duschamp
A semi-abstract movement in early 20th century art that continued the formal project begun with Paul Cézanne’s analysis of form, often geometricizing figures and collapsing traditional naturalistic notions of depth and perspective
Cubism
Rejection of war and the "reason" that led to it
Dada
Suggests a dying soul at the moment that is about to await everlasting life. The Nazis ended up destroying this sculpture and melting it down to use as ammunition
Ernst Barlach, War Monument, 1927, Germany
Known as the most daring painter in France, particularly off of his Blue Nude painting
Henri Matisse
Movement that started in Holland in 1917 and promoted utopian ideals and geometric abstraction
De Stijl
The first showing of modern art in the United States
Different because he is focused on the broader phenomenon that are creating the war. Inditing militarism and capitalism as the root causes of war. Also had a hidden message of society being gullible and believing everything they hear from the press
George Grosz, The Eclipse of the Sun, 1926, Germany
His sculptures almost exclusively portray the human form and he was interested in Myah sculptures of reclining figures
Henry Moore
A German-derived semi-abstract movement of the early twentieth century that used color and form to express internal or extra-pictorial qualities such as psychology, spirituality, and emotion
Expressionism