Intracellular Compartments
This organelle is the site where proteins are first synthesized before entering the endomembrane
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?
If a protein wants into the endoplasmic reticulum, it will have to traverse the membrane through this translocator.
What is the Sec61 translocator?
All nucleus-encoded mitochondrial proteins are transported through this to the intermembrane space.
What is the TOM Complex?
This is transport from the extracellular space to the intracellular space.
What is endocytosis?
This is known as cell drinking, whereas this is engulfment/ eating.
What are pinocytosis and phagocytosis?
These small membrane-bound sacs transport proteins from the ER to the Golgi apparatus.
What are vesicles?
Without this receptor, the endoplasmic reticulum membrane will be smooth.
What is the SRP receptor?
Without these, proteins may unnecessarily fold in the cytosol and therefore not be able to enter the mitochondrial membrane.
What are hsp70 chaperones?
This protein plays a role in COPII vesicles.
What are SAR 1 proteins?
This is the main phospholipid in the ER and is formed from choline, 2 fatty acids, and glycerol phosphate.
What is phosphatidylcholine?
his protein complex helps vesicles recognize and dock at the correct membrane.
What are SNARE proteins?
Phospholipids in the ER membrane equilibrate 100,000 times faster due to this poorly characterized translocator.
What is a scramblase?
When fully assembled, there are a staggering 500-1000 protein molecules comprising this structure that traverses the nuclear envelope.
What is the nuclear pore complex?
This is named because it binds a the amide nitrogen of an asparagine residue.
What is N linked glycosylation?
This is the only organelle that requires large macromolecules to enter via gated transport.
What is the nucleus?
This process describes the movement of materials from the cell surface into the cell via vesicles.
What is endocytosis?
Without peroxisome synthesis of these phospholipids, one may have neurologic symptoms.
What are plasmalogens?
This is the protein family that includes nuclear transport receptors.
What are karyopherins?
This is the signal that brings cargo to the lysosome.
What is mannose-6-phosphate?
This binds the signal sequence on the growing peptide, then it’s receptor on the ER membrane to transport the protein to the ER.
What is SRP?
This organelle sorts and modifies proteins and lipids received from the ER
What is the Golgi apparatus?
When activated, this ER transmembrane kinase will reduce the number of proteins within the ER.
What is PERK?
Neither nuclear import nor export will occur without this molecular switch within the nucleus that exchanges GDP for GTP.
What is Ran GEF?
This is made of integral membrane proteins known as Caveolins that bind to larger proteins called Cavins.
What is the caveolae coat complex?
This means that proteins are not in their active form.
What are pre-pro-proteins?