Wound Healing
starts right after injury, formation of blood clot; platelets stimulate other stages by release of growth factors
What is the inflammatory phase?
- Created under sterile conditions
- Not in the GI tract, resp tract etc.
- Ex: Surgical wound
What is a clean wound?
pain that follows some bodily injury, disappears with healing, and tends to be self-limiting.
What is acute pain?
Monitor the surgical incision routinely for bleeding post-operatively
Direct pressure for 5-10 minutes
If does not stop, apply a bandage and notify surgeon
If this does not stop bleeding, may be internally bleeding or clotting problem
What is a hemorrhage?
the pain scale used to assess patients
what is the colorado pain scale?
Part of inflammatory phase; characterized by influx of white blood cells, about 6 hours later
What is the debridement phase?
Minimal contamination
Ex: surgical incision in GI tract, resp
tract, urogenital
What is a clean-contaminated wound?
pain that lasts several weeks to months and persists beyond the expected healing time
What is chronic pain?
Pale MM
Slow CRT
Rapid resp rate
bloating
swelling at incision site
Hypotension
Hypovolemic shock
What is internal bleeding?
pain that breaks through usual analgesic barriers
what is breakthrough pain?
Begins 3 to 5 days after wounding; characterized by invasion of fibroblasts and development of granulation tissue
What is the repair phase?
Heavy contamination
Ex: Leakage of intestines
Traumatic wounds
What is a contaminated wound?
pain that originates from damage to bone, joints, muscle, or skin and is described by humans as localized, constant, sharp, aching, and throbbing.
What is somatic pain?
May develop at surgical site if patient is over
active after surgery
Tissue inflammation causes serum to leak
from capillaries
Collects in space between skin and muscle
Treatment: small seroma- warm
compresses
What is a seroma?
RER Calculation:
(wt [kg] x30) +70 =RER
What is canine RER?
remodeling of the collagen of the scar and slow gain in wound strength; begins approximately 3 weeks after injury and may take weeks to years to complete.
What is the maturation phase?
Old traumatic wound
Active infection with pus
Ex: Laceration not treated and
becomes infected
What is a dirty wound?
pain that arises from stretching, distension, or inflammation of the viscera and described by humans as deep, cramping, aching, or gnawing without good localization.
What is visceral pain?
the premature loss of sutures that allows the surgical site to open causing contamination
What is dehiscence?
RER Calculation:
wt [kg] x 40 =RER
What is feline RER?
Host factors, wound characteristics, external factors
What are the factors that affect wound healing?
primary, delayed primary, secondary, secondary intention
What are the methods of wound closure?
The loss of sensitivity to pain
What is analgesia?
Site will be swollen, red, and have
drainage
Surgical debridement and
resuturing may be necessary
Some pets may have a reaction to
suture that appears infected.
Dead tissue will be cut away and
healthy tissue will be sutured
together
What is infection?
Large amounts of fluids are given at one time
What is a bolus?