Skin Deep
This relatively avascular outer region of the skin is composed of epithelial tissue.
Epidermis
This term describes the stationary attachment point of a muscle, usually located proximally.
Origin
This clinical term refers to paleness of the skin, often caused by anemia, fright, or ischemia.
Pallor
These glands are connected to hair follicles and produce a mildly antibacterial/antifungal oil called sebum.
Sebaceous Glands
This embryonic layer gives rise to the epidermis, hair, nails, and the nervous system.
Ectoderm
Known as the "true skin," this thicker inner region contains 70% collagen and elastin fibers.
Dermis
This type of contraction involves increased muscle tension without a change in muscle length.
Isometric Contraction
An injury to a muscle or tendon involving the overstretching or tearing of fibers.
Strain
Also known as sweat glands, these help regulate body temperature and eliminate waste.
Sudoriferous Glands
The dermis, muscles, and most connective tissues are derived from this middle embryonic layer.
Mesoderm
These specialized cells in the stratum basale produce pigments that create a protective shield against UV radiation.
Melanocytes
These muscles contract at the same time as the prime mover to assist in a specific movement.
Synergists
A blue or purple skin tint often associated with low oxygen levels or Raynaud disease.
Cyanosis
These sensory neurons receive stimuli from the external environment and are located on or near the body surface.
Skin Receptors
This type of connective tissue, found in the subcutaneous layer, provides insulation and cushioning.
Adipose Tissue
This process describes the sloughing off of dead, keratinized skin cells every 21 to 27 days.
Desquamation
This is the functional unit of a skeletal muscle, consisting of actin and myosin filaments.
Sarcomere
This inflammatory skin condition is often itchy and red; it is one of the most common pathologies an MT encounters.
Eczema
This specific receptor is responsible for detecting deep pressure and high-frequency vibration.
Pacinian (Lamellated) Corpuscle
These cells in the dermis are responsible for reproducing and forming scar tissue after an injury.
Fibroblasts
These are the five layers of the epidermis in order from deepest to most superficial.
Stratum Basale, Spinosum, Granulosum, Lucidum, and Corneum
This state occurs when a muscle has a decreased capacity to generate force, often due to a lack of ATP or oxygen.
Muscle Fatigue
Reddened skin caused by vasodilation and increased blood flow to an area.
Hyperemia
This receptor is sensitive to light touch and low-frequency vibration, often found in hairless skin like fingertips.
Meissner (Tactile) Corpuscle
This term describes a localized decrease in blood flow, which can lead to tissue damage or skin color changes.
Ischemia