Chapter 5 Definitions
A federal statute prohibiting combinations and contracts in restraint of interstate trade, now generally inapplicable to labor union activity.
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act?
Two acts that prohibit price discrimination.
What are the Clayton Act and the Robinson-Patman Act?
A federal law that establishes the operating rules for administrative agencies.
What is the Administrative Procedure Act?
Government body charged with administering and implementing legislation.
What is administrative agency?
Another name for an administrative law judge
What is hearing officer?
The ability to control price and exclude competitors.
What is market power?
When a seller charges different prices to different buyers for "commodities of like grade and quality", which results in reduced competition or a tendency to create a monopoly.
What is price discrimination?
Law that requires advance notice of agency meeting and public access.
What is open meeting law?
Law governing administrative agencies.
Judicial figure who hears administrative agency actions.
Who is an administrative law judge?
A federal law that prohibits price discrimination.
What is the Clayton Act?
The anticompetitive practice of requiring buyers to purchase one product in order to get another.
Federal law requiring agencies to make public disclosure of proposed rules, passed rules, and activities.
What is the Federal Register Act?
In administrative actions, third parties who have an interest in the issues being determined by an ALJ.
What are intervenors?
Federal law permitting citizens to request documents and records from administrative agencies.
What is the Freedom of Information Act?
Three times the damages actually sustained.
What is treble damages?
A court order to dispose of interests that could lead to a monopoly.
What is a divestiture order?
Informal settlements of enforcement actions brought by agencies.
What is consent decrees?
Negotiated disposition of a matter before an administrative agency, generally without public sanctions.
What are informal settlements?
Meetings are open to the public under what act?
What is the Sunshine Act?
A federal statute designed to eliminate price discrimination in interstate commerce.
What is the Robinson-Patman Act?
Antitrust laws regulate the relationships between and among competitors.
What are horizontal restraints?
Order issued by a court or administrative agency to stop a practice that it decides is improper.
What is cease-and-desist order?
Requirement that an agency make its final decision before the parties can go to court.
What is exhaustion of administrative remedies?
Following the publication of the proposed rules, the public has the opportunity to provide input on the proposed rules. This time can last for 30 days.
What is the public comment period?