Minerals
Name the mineral family of quartz (SiO4).
silicates
When rocks melt, they become __________.
magma
the main rock in caves is
limestone
The word for rain is
precipitation
An area underground that is a freshwater supply is called an a________.
aquifer
The mineral known as "fool's gold" is
pyrite
The science name for "rock crumbs" is
sediment
What is the main difference between a stalactite and a stalactite?
Stalactites hangs from the ceiling.
Stalagmites stick out from the ground.
the process that forms clouds is
condensation
We dig ______ to extract groundwater.
wells
A mineral that breaks into smooth, even surfaces exhibits (cleavage / fracture). Pick one
cleavage
This process forms igneous rocks
cooling and crystallization of magma / lava
The province in Virginia where we find caves is:
Valley & Ridge
Water moves from the oceans to the atmosphere through
evaporation
The area of groundwater that is full of water is called the zone of _____________.
saturation
The name of the scale to test a mineral for its hardness is known as
Moh's Hardness Scale
This process forms sedimentary rocks
cementation and compaction
What forms when the roof of a cave collapses?
a sinkhole
Water leaves plants and animals through
transpiration
What is the name of the top of the zone of saturation?
water table
Name the 5 characteristics of minerals.
Natural
Inorganic
Crystal structure
Definite chemical composition
Solid
This process forms metamorphic rocks
heat and pressure
Water and carbon dioxide combine to form _____ _____.
carbonic acid
When it rains, water can do 2 things:
1.
2.
run off
infiltrate (go into the ground)
A well can become dry when _________.
The water table drops below the well.