Seizure Disorders
This type of seizure starts in one specific area of the brain.
What is a focal (partial) seizure?
This form of diabetes is most commonly associated with peripheral neuropathy.
What is type 2 diabetes?
This is the most common neurodegenerative cause of dementia.
What is Alzheimer’s disease?
This neurotransmitter plays a key role in the brain’s reward and addiction pathways.
What is dopamine?
These are the two major types of pain based on origin.
What are nociceptive and neuropathic pain?
This electrolyte imbalance is commonly linked to seizure activity.
What is hyponatremia?
This term describes pain caused by damage to the nerves.
What is neuropathic pain?
This abnormal protein accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients.
What is beta-amyloid (or tau)?
This organ is the most affected by long-term alcohol abuse.
What is the liver?
This theory proposes that non-painful stimuli can block pain signals in the spinal cord.
What is the gate control theory?
This class of medications is the first-line treatment for status epilepticus.
What are benzodiazepines?
A deficiency of this vitamin can lead to peripheral neuropathy.
What is vitamin B12?
This type of dementia often includes visual hallucinations and movement symptoms.
What is Lewy body dementia?
This potentially life-threatening symptom is common to both alcohol and benzodiazepine withdrawal.
What are seizures?
This pain assessment tool is ideal for evaluating pain in nonverbal or cognitively impaired patients.
What is the FLACC scale (or PAINAD scale)?
This seizure type causes sudden loss of awareness without convulsions.
What is an absence seizure?
This acute, immune-mediated neuropathy can cause rapid weakness and paralysis.
What is Guillain-Barré syndrome?
This neurotransmitter is significantly reduced in Alzheimer’s disease.
What is acetylcholine?
This alcohol-related syndrome includes confusion, loss of coordination, and eye movement problems.
What is Wernicke’s encephalopathy?
This neuropeptide is released in response to painful stimuli and contributes to inflammation.
What is substance P?
This brain structure is most frequently involved in temporal lobe epilepsy.
What is the hippocampus?
This chronic condition leads to nerve damage through microvascular injury and inflammation.
What is diabetic neuropathy?
This type of dementia is caused by impaired blood flow leading to multiple brain infarcts.
What is vascular dementia?
This opioid receptor is primarily responsible for the euphoric effects of drugs like heroin.
What is the mu-opioid receptor?
This term refers to the heightened sensitivity of the central nervous system to pain input.
What is central sensitization?