Drugs Used for Anxiety
What must be used with caution while taking antianxiety agents?
A) Vitamins
B) Alcohol
C) Analgesics
D) Antihistamines
B) Alcohol
Amitriptyline belongs to which drug class?
A. Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
B. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
C. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
D. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
D. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
"Hyperkinetic abnormal movements" describes which type of extrapyramidal symptom that can be seen with antipsychotic drug use?
A. Dystonic reactions/acute dystonia
B. Pseudoparkinsonism
C. Akathisia
D. Tardive dyskinesia
D. Tardive dyskinesia
When a client first takes a nitrate, the nurse expects which symptom that often occurs?
a. Nausea and vomiting
b. Headaches
c. Stomach cramps
d. Irregular pulse rate
b. Headaches
What is the normal range for potassium?
3.5-5
What is the appropriate treatment for Obsessive-compulsive related disorders?
A. May be treated with a variety of anti-psychotic agents; behavioral therapy
B. Treated with behavioral and psychosocial therapy and paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine, or fluvoxamine
C. Treated with use of avoidance, behavior therapy, and benzodiazepines
D. Treated with psychotherapy; short-term use of antianxiety agents
B. Treated with behavioral and psychosocial therapy and paroxetine, sertraline, fluoxetine, or fluvoxamine
How do Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) work?
A. Inhibit reuptake and destruction of
serotonin from the synaptic cleft, prolonging the
action of the neurotransmitter
B. Block metabolic destruction of
norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
neurotransmitters by the enzyme monoamine
oxidase
C. Inhibit reuptake and destruction of
serotonin and norepinephrine from synaptic cleft
D. Prolong action of norepinephrine, dopamine,
and serotonin by blocking reuptake
B. Block metabolic destruction of
norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
neurotransmitters by the enzyme monoamine
oxidase
Which of the following is not a characteristic of psychosis?
A. Being out of touch with reality
B. Perceptual deficits like hallucinations, delusions
C. Sadness, no enjoyment of usual activities
D. Deterioration in social functioning
C. Sadness, no enjoyment of usual activities
A client with diabetes mellitus visits a health care clinic. The client's diabetes mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide (DiaBeta) daily, but recently the fasting blood glucose level has been 180 to 200 mg/dL. Which medication, if added to the client's regimen, may have contributed to the hyperglycemia?
a. Prednisone
b. Phenelzine (Nardil)
c. Atenolol (Tenormin)
d. Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
a. Prednisone
Rationale:
Prednisone may decrease the effect of oral hypoglycemics, insulin, diuretics, and potassium supplements. Option 2, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, and option 3, a β-blocker, have their own intrinsic hypoglycemic activity. Option 4 decreases urinary excretion of sulfonylurea agents, causing increased levels of the oral agents, which can lead to hypoglycemia.
What is the normal range for sodium?
135-145
Buspirone (BuSpar) is used for short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety. Which drug class does it belong too?
A. Antihistamines
B. Beta blockers
C. Benzodiazepines
D. Azaspirones
D. Azaspirones
The following premedication assessment is appropriate before administering which type of medication?
Obtain blood pressure and pulse rate
Ensure patient has not recently ingested meals with a
high tyramine content
Check for medications taken before initiating therapy
Monitor blood glucose of diabetic patients
A. SSRIs
B. MAOIs
C. SNRIs
D. TCAs
B. MAOIs
How do atypical antipsychotics such as Aripiprazole (Abilify) work?
A. By blocking serotonin receptors in addition to dopamine receptors
B. Block action of dopamine in the brain
C. By acting primarily on GABA receptors
D. By inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin
A. By blocking serotonin receptors in addition to dopamine receptors
The client has a PRN prescription for ondansetron (Zofran). For which condition should this medication be administered to the postoperative client?
a. Paralytic ileus
b. Incisional pain
c. Urinary retention
d. Nausea and vomiting
d. Nausea and vomiting
Rationale:
Ondansetron is an antiemetic used to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting, as well as nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. The other options are incorrect.
What is the goal INR for people on Warfarin?
A. 1.5-4
B. 1-2
C. 5-8
D. 2-3
D. 2-3
Which drug class is described below?
Actions: CNS depressants; reduce anxiety by
stimulating the neurotransmitter GABA
Use: Treat anxiety associated with alcohol
withdrawal and medical illnesses
Common adverse effects: Drowsiness,
hangover, sedation, lethargy
A. Azaspirones
B. Tricyclic antidepressants
C. Benzodiazepines
D. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
C. Benzodiazepines
Which of the following is not an example of a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)?
A. Citalopram (Celexa)
B. Escitalopram (Lexapro)
C. Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)
D. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
C. Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) -> SNRI
Which of the following is not an adverse effect of antipsychotic agents?
A. Seizures
B. Weight gain
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Dysrhythmias
C. Hypoglycemia
A client with Crohn's disease is scheduled to receive an infusion of infliximab (Remicade). The nurse assisting in caring for the client should take which action to monitor the effectiveness of treatment?
a. Monitoring the leukocyte count for 2 days after the infusion
b. Checking the frequency and consistency of bowel movements
c. Checking serum liver enzyme levels before and after the infusion
d. Carrying out a Hematest on gastric fluids after the infusion is completed
b. Checking the frequency and consistency of bowel movements
Rationale:
The principal manifestations of Crohn's disease are diarrhea and abdominal pain. Infliximab (Remicade) is an immunomodulator that reduces the degree of inflammation in the colon, thereby reducing the diarrhea. Options 1, 3, and 4 are unrelated to this medication.
What is the normal range for digoxin?
A. 1-2.5
B. 0.8-2
C. 0.25-0.9
D. 0.4-1.8
B. 0.8-2
Which of the following is not an adverse effect of Hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax)?
A. Tremor
B. Blurred vision
C. Constipation
D. Dryness of mucosa of the mouth, throat, and nose
A. Tremor
Which of the following are symptoms of depression? (Select all that apply)
A. No enjoyment of usual activities
B. Fatigue
C. Heart palpitations
D. Improved concentration and memory
E. Slowed speech/movements
A, B, C, E
The following are examples of typical antipsychotic agents: (Select all that apply)
A. Risperidone
B. Phenothiazines
C. Nonphenothiazines
D. Thioxanthenes
A. Risperidone (Risperdal) -> Atypical antipsychotic
A client with a peptic ulcer is diagnosed with a Helicobacter pylori infection. The nurse is reinforcing teaching for the client about the medications prescribed, including clarithromycin (Biaxin), esomeprazole (Nexium), and amoxicillin (Amoxil). Which statement by the client indicates the best understanding of the medication regimen?
a. "My ulcer will heal because these medications will kill the bacteria."
b. "These medications are only taken when I have pain from my ulcer."
c. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."
d. "These medications will coat the ulcer and decrease the acid production in my stomach."
c. "The medications will kill the bacteria and stop the acid production."
Rationale:
Triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection usually includes two antibacterial drugs and a proton pump inhibitor. Clarithromycin and amoxicillin are antibacterials. Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. These medications will kill the bacteria and decrease acid production.
What is the therapeutic range for lithium?
A. 0.4-1
B. 0.8-2
C. 2-5
D. 0.15-0.7
A. 0.4-1