Power & National Power
In International Relations, this refers to an actor’s ability to influence the behaviour of other states or actors in accordance with its own interests.
What is power?
This term is used for cooperation involving three or more states in international decision-making.
What is multilateralism?
The actions by the United States against Iran and Russia as examples of using economic measures to pursue political objectives.
What are sanctions?
This approach emerged in the 1970s as a response to Neorealism while still accepting that the international system is anarchic.
What is Neoliberalism?
The course uses the UNHRC and the UDHR as examples of this international regime, which establishes global standards for human rights.
What is the Human Rights Regime?
Identify this tangible element of national power as including location, size, natural barriers and strategic position.
What is geography?
We identify the United States, China, Russia, the European Union, India and Brazil among the major powers contributing to this emerging distribution of global power.
What is multipolarity?
China’s initiative of using infrastructure finance to expand its international influence is given this name .
What is the Belt and Road Initiative?
This principle helps explain how cooperation between self-interested states can continue when each state responds to the behaviour of the others.
What is reciprocity?
This method of maintaining a balance of power involves states increasing their military capabilities in response to one another.
What are arms build-ups or arms races?
Hollywood, education and democratic ideals are given as examples of this form of power, which works through attraction and persuasion rather than coercion.
What is soft power?
Unlike multipolarity, this concept includes regional organisations, corporations, NGOs and other non-state actors as centres of influence.
What is polycentricity?
Hollywood and K-pop are given in the course as examples of the global exchange of values, lifestyles and media. This is which dimension of globalisation?
What is the cultural dimension of globalization?
This concept is based on the idea that international relations are sustained through networks involving states as well as international organisations, corporations and NGOs.
What is complex interdependence?
This scholar defines international regimes as sets of principles, rules, norms and decision-making procedures around which actors’ expectations converge in a particular issue area.
Who is Stephen Krasner?
This form of power combines the use of coercive capabilities with the ability to attract and persuade.
What is smart power?
People identify this grouping alongside ASEAN and the African Union as a regional centre of influence within a polycentric international system.
What is BRICS?
The course identifies internet development, artificial intelligence and advances in communication as examples of this dimension of globalisation.
What is the technological dimension of globalization?
In the course's discussion of complex interdependence, this category of states is specifically identified as an area where military force is less useful than economic or diplomatic tools.
What are advanced industrial states?
Under this principle, an attack on one state is treated as an attack against all, requiring a united response from the international community.
What is collective security?
National power is described as this because military, economic, diplomatic and cultural capabilities can reinforce and support one another rather than functioning independently.
What is interdependence?
The course identifies multilateralism as the opposite of these two approaches, with one involving a state acting alone and the other involving cooperation between two states.
What are unilateralism and bilateralism?
Greater interconnectedness can produce benefits such as growth and cultural exchange, but the course also identifies these four major problems associated with globalisation.
What are inequality, cultural homogenization, loss of sovereignty and environmental challenges?
Neoliberalism argues that states remain rational and self-interested, but cooperation becomes possible through these three mechanisms identified in the course.
What are interdependence, reciprocity and regimes?
One of these systems seeks stability through self-help, rivalry and counterbalancing, while the other seeks stability through cooperation and shared responsibility.
What are balance of power and collective security?