Substances
Drugs that act on the central nervous system, resulting in alertness, excitation, and wakefulness
Stimulant
The abrupt decrease in or removal of one's regular dosage of a psychoactive substance causing symptoms often opposite the effect of the substance
Withdrawal
Relapse
A maladaptive pattern of recurrent substance use that leads to impairment or distress that is clinically significant
Substance Abuse
an affective state in which there is a strong desire for the drug
Craving
Sedatives that act on the central nervous system (e.g. to treat anxiety, high blood pressure, tension, etc.)
Depressants
A progressive state of decreased responsiveness to a drug; condition in which one must increase their use of a drug for it to have the same effect
Tolerance
An addiction treatment method that advocates the complete avoidance of the addictive substance as the end-goal for the recovering addict
Abstinence-based treatment
A repeated activity that continuously causes harm to oneself or others (e.g. a substance’s continuous presence in the bloodstream)
Addiction
The body’s physiologic adaptation to a substance; being in a state in which the discontinuation of drug taking will induce withdrawal symptoms
Physical Dependence
A drug that produces sleep / drowsiness and that also relieves pain while being potentially dependence producing
Narcotics
A symptom-free period
Remission
An addiction treatment method that advocates the process of reducing the damage done by addictive substances and behaviors by implementing guidelines that make the use of the substance safer for the user. End goal: permanent non-use of the substance.
Harm Reduction-based treatment
The ability of one drug to prevent the withdrawal symptoms of one’s physical dependence on another
Cross-dependence
One’s compulsion to use a psychologically based drug for pleasure; may lead to drug misuse
Psychological dependence
Drugs that influence subjective behavior by acting on the nervous system
Psychoactive Drug
An increase in sensitivity to a drug effect that develops as a result of exposure to the drug
Sensitization
A single exposure to a formerly abused drug; often occurs after a period of remission in which addicts feel they have their addiction under control
Priming
Occurs when one’s tolerance for one drug results in tolerance to another
Cross-tolerance
Each year more than 696,000 students between the ages of __ and __ are physically assaulted by another student who has been drinking
18 and 24
By students' _______ year in college, about half of their classmates will have been offered the opportunity to abuse a prescription drug
sophomore
About __ in __ college students report academic consequences from drinking, including missing class, falling behind in class, doing poorly on exams or papers, and receiving lower grades overall
1 in 4
In 2014, over ____% of college aged students met criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol abuse
over 30%
tolerance effects that are maximally expressed only when a drug is administered in a place or situation in which it has previously been administered; addicts may be particularly susceptible to lethal overdose when the drug is administered in a new context
Conditioned Drug Tolerance
Each year more than 97,000 students between the ages of __ and __ are victims of alcohol- related sexual assault or date rape.
18 and 24