Trivia (easy)
Which U.S. President proposed legislation to further societal reform regarding African American civil rights, before being assassinated?
President John F. Kennedy
Refers to Africa before European colonization. These included powerful kingdoms with rich cultures, trade networks, and complex political systems.
Pre-colonial Africa
The assasination of this presidient largely sparked a Southern push back and a return to "normalcy" in terms of undoing emancipation.
Abraham Lincoln
Mainly in southern states, old Confederate governments, a strong push for a return of slavery/normalcy allowed for institutionalized systems designed to promote African American oppression to become the norm. Concepts such as segregation in education and voting laws ran rampant through these laws.
Jim Crow Laws
A white supremacist hate group founded right after the Civil War by veterans of the Confederate Army, caused massive amounts of chaos and terrorism during the Reconstruction period against African Americans and still remains today one of the biggest white supremacy groups in America.
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
How did European nations fundamentally set up the Southern United States to rely on forced slave labor?
The Transatlantic slave trade.
The bloodiest war in American history, where brother fought brother. Boiled over from years of economic and political tension, ultimately culminating into a war for slavery. It ended with a Union victory and the abolition of slavery.
The American Civil War (1861–1865)
Southern political doctrine that supported absolute racial segregation in schooling and other public amenities.
Seperate but equal doctrine
Occurs when wealthier people move into low income areas that economically displaces the people originally, usually this includes low income minority families, causing rampant social and cultural skewing.
Gentrification
An academic field of study that primarily involves the history, culture and society of African Americans. Largely emerged from social rights activism during the golden age of the Black Power era.
Black Studies
What was the agricultural/economic concept that essentially brought slavery back into the Southern states even after the Civil War?
Sharecropping
Period of American history following the end of the Civil War and reconciliation with the Southern States, emancipation was in full effect. It saw major legal gains like the 13th–15th Amendments but ended with the rise of white supremacist backlash.
Reconstruction
Limited newly freed African American rights and ability to own property, kept white society and black society seperate.
The Black Codes
Metaphor that was coined by W.E. Du Bois to describe the growing societal and racial divide within the United States. He viewed it as a barrier that prevented African Americans from being fully understood by the average member of white society.
The Veil
Forms of racism embedded in laws, policies, and institutions that produce unequal outcomes for racial groups, even without overt prejudice.
Systemic Racism / Structural Racism
How did state Jim Crow laws limit societal movement of newly freed African American Slaves?
Voter laws, racial segregation, unequal opportunity.
A reactionary social movement that promoted concepts such as panafricanism and equal rights for African Americans, called for systemic change.
Black Power Movement
U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld racial segregation under the doctrine of “separate but equal”.
Plessy V Fergurson
Promoted by Marcus Garvey, called for the unification of all black peoples to become an independent race and society in order to promote full racial autonomy.
Pan-Africanism
Having the freedom and power in an individual way and collective way. Ex: black communities can decide for themselves how to live in all ways culturally, economically. Not meaning separation from other race communities, but working together with the freedom to add their own touch.
Self-determination
Why is understanding pre-colonial Africa so important to debunking concepts such as the White Man’s Burden?
African civilizations and tribes were not barbaric and savage as white colonists believed.
Brutal chattel slavery was widespread thought this time period within the Southern states before and during the Civil War.
The Antebellum South
Southern political party who supported and lobbied behind an agenda to oppress and restrict black people through legislation and non-representation.
Dixie-crats
Du Bois’s concept of the conflict experienced by African Americans who combat both their racial identity and how they are viewed by a white society.
Double Consciousness
Economic practice that allowed banks and state governments to mark black neighborhoods as bad/risky to give resources such as loans. It is a form of segregation, separating black communities from receiving resources and moving into white areas.
Redlining/Segregation