MouthGuards
What is a mouthguard's purpose?
The purpose of a nightguard is to protect the teeth and jaw from the harmful effects of grinding or clenching, such as tooth wear, jaw pain, and headaches. It helps cushion the teeth and relieve pressure on the jaw.
What is tooth bleaching?
Answer: The process by which the teeth are whitened.
Various procedures and materials are available.
One of the most commonly performed cosmetic procedures.
Usually not covered by the insurance company.
Non-invasive
Now: Over-the-counter products are effective.
What is the active ingredient of a whitening product?
Active ingredient: either be
-Carbamide peroxide
-Hydrogen peroxide
-Sodium perborate
Available in many concentrations: At-home systems contain from 3% to 20% peroxide (carbamide or hydrogen peroxide). In-office systems contain from 15% to 43% peroxide.
Gel base:
-With one or a mixture of propylene glycol, glycerin, and water.
Thickening agent:
-Carbopol
Hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide are the oxidizing agents used to bleach teeth. Tooth whitening is a frequently performed cosmetic procedure in the dental office.
a. Both sentences are true.
Name two classifications of use for dental cements.
-Retention of indirect restorations
-Liners
-Bases
-Temporary restorations
-Cementation of orthodontic bands
-Bonding of orthodontic brackets
-Root canal sealers
What are the characteristics of an effective mouthguard?
Must be protective
Must provide sufficient thickness
Must fit properly
Must be comfortable
Must allow for easy breathing
Must allow for easy speaking
No bad taste or odor
Resistant to staining and deformation
Must be biocompatible
What is vital tooth bleaching?
Answer: Done on vital teeth
Can be done: chairside light-activated bleaching, OTC whitening strips, gel, paste, home bleaching kit.
What are the various methods for teeth bleaching?
Answer:
At home, In office, Laser, otc whitening strips, click pen gel releasing,
Hydrogen peroxide is more stable than carbamide peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and free radicals of oxygen.
c. The first sentence is false while the second is true.
Which of the following dental cements requires staged additions of powder to the liquid during mixing on a chilled glass slab to control the reaction?
A. Zinc Phosphate
B. polycarboxylate cement
C. resin-modified glass ionomer
Answer: Zinc Phosphate
What are the different types of mouthguards?
The 3 Most Common Types:
Different thicknesses, designs, and hardness
1. Stock mouthguards
2. Boil and bite
3. Custom-made
What is non-vital tooth bleaching?
Answer: Done on teeth treated with root canal therapy (endodontically treated teeth).
-Procedure includes multiple appointments
-Gutta-percha is isolated with a base or cement.
-Bleaching agent placed inside the pulp chamber and canal.
-The need to be replaced several times to reach the desirable shade.
-The tooth is bleached from the inside (internal bleaching).
What are the possible complications of teeth bleaching?
1. Thermal Hypersensitivity
-Patient may experience sensitivity to heat and cold after removal of tray and material. The use of sensitive-type toothpaste is recommended.
2. Tissue Irritation
Gingival tissue exposed to excess gel caused by improper tray fit. Remind the patient not to overfill the tray with material and remove any excess after seating the tray.
The term “non-vital” may be used to describe a tooth that has what? What is the procedure to bleaching a non-vital tooth?
Which of the following is not present in glass ionomer cements?
a. Eugenol
b. Polyacrylic acid
c. Silicate glass- powder
Answer: Eugenol
What is a nightguard?
A nightguard is a protective dental appliance, usually plastic, that fits over the teeth. Hard Acrylic nightguards cover the occlusal surfaces of the teeth only.
It is worn while sleeping to prevent damage caused by teeth grinding (bruxism) or clenching.
They are similar to mouthguards but used for a different purpose.
What are the indications of vital teeth bleaching?
Answer:
-Vital Teeth with Extrinsic Stains
- Light to moderate intrinsic stain
-Light orange and brown (dark brown and bluish are hard to bleach due to hypocalcified areas being more prominent)
-Compliant patient
The term “non-vital” may be used to describe a tooth that has what?
Answer: Root Canal Treated tooth (RCT)
Tooth whitening is the most frequently performed cosmetic procedure in the dental office. Hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide are the oxidizing agents used to bleach the teeth.
Answer: both are true
True or False:
Luting cements have the most demanding requirements of any dental material.
Answer: True
List some care of maintenance for an oral appliance:
-Daily rinsing and brushing with a soft-bristle wet toothbrush. (no toothpaste)
-There are professional cleaners to soak in such as Polydent.
-Boil and bite OTC should not be cleaned in hot water, will cause distortion.
-white Distilled Vinegar works great too.
What are the contraindications of vital teeth bleaching?
Contraindications:
-Caries
-Pulpal necrosis
-Endodontic therapy
-Amalgam stains
-Hypersensitivity
-Allergy
-Lack of compliance
-Pregnant or lactating women
-Children under 18
-Heavy smokers
-Patients taking photosensitive drugs or photosensitive herbal remedies, cracked or hypoplastic enamel, patients with melanoma NO light activated system. Ex: Cipro and Tetracycline
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True or False:
Brushing with a potassium nitrate containing dentifrice before and after bleaching is advised?
True
Toothpastes such as Sensodyne help with sensitivity.
True or False:
hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and free radicals of oxygen
True
Luting cements must be able to change from a fluid state to a solid in a matter of minutes and be biocompatible.
Answer: True