W&B 1
Minimum gross weight for R44 Cadet and Raven
What is Cadet-1550lbs and Raven-1600lbs
Location of weight and balance information in the R44 POH?
What is Section 6: Weight and Balance
Unusable Fuel Definition
What is fuel remaining in the tank that cannot reliably provide uninterrupted fuel flow in a critical flight attitude
Maximum gross weight for R44 Cadet and Raven.
What is Cadet-2200lbs and Raven-2500lbs
Reference Datum Definition
*R44 Datum Bonus 50pts
What is an imaginary vertical line from which all measurements of arm are taken. The datum is established by the manufacturer.
*Robinson R44 reference datum is located 100 inches forward of the main rotor shaft centerline.
Basic Empty Weight Definition
What is standard empty weight plus the weight of installed optional equipment.
CG Limits Definition
What is extreme CG locations within which the helicopter must operate at a given weight.
Arm Definition
What is the horizontal distance in inches from the reference datum to the CG of an item.
Useful Payload Definition
What is the difference between maximum gross weight and basic empty weight
Moment Definition
What is the product of the weight of an item multiplied by its arm.
The form in the Aircraft Owner Manuel provides specific weight & balance information.
What is Form-C
How can the CG of an aircraft be determined?
Divide total moments by total weight
Center of Gravity Definition
What is the point at which an aircraft would balance if it were possible to suspend it at that point.
Standard Empty Weight Definition
What is the weight of a standard helicopter including unusable fuel, full operating fluids, and full engine oil
Does a pilot have to conduct weight & balance prior to each flight?
No. There are no specific requirements for a pilot under 14 CFR part 91 to conduct weight and balance. FAR 91.9 states PIC must comply with the operating limits in the aircraft or rotorcraft flight manual
An aircraft is 90 lbs over max gross weight, how much fuel needs to be drained to bring within limits?
Hint: 6lbs per gallon
15 gallons
90/6=15
Based on the following info, where would the CG be located aft of the datum.
A: 155lbs at 45in aft
B: 165lbs at 145in aft
C: 95lbs at 185in aft
116.8in aft of the datum
(Weight x Arm = Moment)
(Moments / Total Weight = CG Location)
48,475 / 415 = 116.8 in
Three methods that can determine the total weight and CG location of an aircraft.
What is Computation, Table, Graph
Helicopter CG is located aft of the envelope limit, what problem could happen due to this?
If the helicopter should pitch up due to gusty winds during high-speed flight, there may not be sufficient forward cyclic control available to lower the nose
Helicopter CG is located forward of the envelope limit, what problem could happen due to this?
In case of autorotation, sufficient aft cyclic may not be available to flare properly
Find the weight of Y. See Image.
300lbs
Determine the R44 Cadet Take Off Weight (TOW) and if in CG limits if:
Empty Weight- 1460lbs, Long. Arm- 106.2in
Pilot-240lbs, CoPilot-255lbs
Baggage Right Aft-5lbs, Baggage Left Aft-10lbs
Fuel Main-15gal, Aux-9gal
TOW-2210, CG-Out of Limits Forward
Q. Based on the following info, where would the CG be located aft of the datum.
A: 140lbs at 17in aft
B: 120lbs at 110in aft
C: 85lbs at 210in aft
96.89in aft of the datum
(Weight x Arm = Moment)
(Moments / Total Weight = CG Location)
33,430 / 415 = 96.89 in
Find the distance of X. See Image.
20 inches
Determine the R44 Raven Take Off Weight (TOW) and if in CG limits if:
Empty Weight- 1544.8lbs, Long Arm- 107.1in
Pilot-245lbs, CoPilot-250lbs
Right Aft Passenger- 170lbs
Fuel Main-25gal, Aux-10gal
TOW-2419.8, CG-Within Limits but not Safe