In 1963, the term learning disability was first introduced by him.
Who is Dr. Samuel Kirk?
100
This term addresses if a child is adequately achieving for his or her grade level when exposed to appropriate, scientifically based instruction.
What is Adequate Achievement?
100
The term for a new branch of science dedicated to mapping the brain at a deeper level than ever before.
What is neuro-informatics?
100
People with dyslexia have average to above average this, making the disability somewhat unexpected.
What is intelligence?
100
This term refers to factors that cause a student to be misidentified as having a LD.
What are false positives?
200
In the 1870s, physicians used this term to describe learning disabilities.
What is word blindness?
200
Learning Disability (LD) is considered this type of term, under which other, more specific disabilities lie.
What is an "umbrella" term?
200
LDs are often hard to see or recognize, and are therefore considered this.
What is a "hidden disability?"
200
FMRI has determined that this functions differently in a person with dyslexia.
What is the brain?
200
This model measures whether there is a significant difference between IQ test results and an achievement test results.
What is the IQ-Achievement Discrepancy Model?
300
Franz Joseph Gall made connections between regions of this and specific learning processes.
What is the brain?
300
Deciding that the child's achievement cannot be explained by any other factors such as other disabilities or cultural factors would be doing this.
What is ruling out exclusionary factors?
300
This term describes a group of birth defects resulting from the abnormal migrations of neurons in the developing brain.
What is a Neuronal Migration Disorder?
300
This term refers to the ability to think about the sounds in a word, rather than just the meaning.
What is phonological awareness?
300
The term described as a "change in behavior or performance as a function of intervention."
What is Response to Intervention (RTI)?
400
He was arguably the most influential figure in bringing the study of reading disabilities to the United States.
Who is Samuel Orton?
400
When determining if a child has an LD, evaluations must rule out these two factors.
What are exclusionary factors (other specific disabilities) and lack of instruction?
400
This theory supports that certain chemicals or food colorings added to food can cause LDs.
What is Organic and Biological Model?
400
This term refers to the inability to readily retrieve the spoken referent for visual stimuli.
What is naming speed deficit?
400
This tier of RTI receive more intensive intervention and more frequent progress monitoring.
What is Tier 2?
500
The name for this early time period when researchers and physicians were first beginning to study reading disabilities.
What is the European Foundations Period?
500
Districts have these two options in determining if a child can qualify for SLD identification.
What is Response to Intervention (RTI) or the Discrepancy Model.
500
Over 80% of neurons in the brain are these, which are designed to create patterns and meaning.
What are inter-neurons?
500
This is where word specific orthographic images are stored in the memory.
What is internal lexicon?
500
When a student's IQ score is a least this many standard deviations higher than the student's achievement test score, the student is considered to have a LD.