Federal agency responsible for managing American Indian issues.
What was the Bureau of Indian Affairs?
100
A large farm, usually owned by a large company and run like a business. They produced huge crops and large profits when the weather cooperated but were vulnerable to boom and bust cycles.
What is a bonanza farm?
100
Leader of the Sioux who initially rejected Indian life on reservations. Fought soldiers at Rosebud and Little Bighorn.
Who was Sitting Bull?
100
Bureau of Indian Affairs Chief who supported the reservation system, saying that the Native Americans should be forced to farm or move.
Who was Luke Lea?
100
Act allowing 160 acres of free land to people who settled and cultivated it for five years.
What was the Homestead Act?
200
Revolted when a government agent refused to release supplies as the tribe starved. Their leaders were executed.
Who were the Santee Sioux?
200
Opened in April of 1889, the rush for land in this territory resulted in a loss of 12 million acres owned by Native Americans and given to white settlers.
What is Oklahoma?
200
A Paiute Indian who started the Ghost Dance.
Who was Wovoka?
200
Bureau of Indian Affairs official who condemned the reservation system as inhumane.
Who was Thomas Fitzpatrick?
200
An act that gave an allotment of 160 acres of reservation land for farming. Remaining reservation land would be sold.
What was the Dawes General Allotment Act?
300
Made to farm on reservation land and starve. Later allowed to raise sheep, weave, an craft silver jewelry.
Who were the Navajo?
300
Site of a massacre of Black Kettle and his Cheyenne tribesmen by Colonel John Chivington. Congress responded by condemning Chivington.
What is Sand Creek?
300
Leader of the Nez Perce, who were sent to reservations in Oregon and Washington after some of their young men rebelled and killed white settlers.
Who was Chief Joseph?
300
Author of Century of Dishonor, in which she condemned the government's broken promises to, and mistreatment of, the Native Americans.
Who was Helen Hunt Jackson?
300
Gave land to railroad companies to develop a railroad line linking the east and west coasts.
What was the Pacific Railway Act?
400
African Americans who wanted to escape the violence and persecution they faced in the South and relocated to the West.
Who were the Exodusters?
400
Site of Custer's defeat.
What is the Little Bighorn?
400
Leader of the Apaches who raided white settlements and were captured. His surrender marked the end of armed resistance to the reservation system in the Southwest.
Who was Geronimo?
400
Paiute reformer who called attention to the problems of the Indians.
Who was Sarah Winnemucca?
400
Granted more than 17 million acres of federal land to the states. The land was to be sold to finance the construction of more than 70 agricultural and engineering colleges.
What was the Morrill Act?
500
Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, Irish, Germans, Russian Mennonite, and Chinese.
What immigrant groups came to the West?
500
Massacre of the Sioux as they attempted to surrender. Marked the end of bloody conflict between the soldiers and Indians of the Great Plains.
What is Wounded Knee?
500
Chief of the Chiracahua Apaches who was held hostage after members of his tribe were accused of stealing a child and cattle from a ranch. The result was years of warfare.
Who was Cochise?
500
Author of O, Pioneers, My Antonia, and Death Comes to the Archbishop. Described life in the West.
Who was Willa Cather?
500
Sought out and publicized new varieties of wheat suitable for the Great Plains. They also taught dry farming to farmers.