The Ghana Empire
This was the nickname given to the Empire of Ghana among north Africans.
The Land of Gold
This was the most famous ruler of the Mali Empire, known for his pilgrimage to Mecca and his generosity of gold.
Mansa Musa
This is the mountain range located in the North West of Africa.
**Daily Double**
Atlas Mountains
This was the capital city of the Songhai Empire.
Gao
The Holy Texts of each (3) monotheistic religion.
Bible, Torah, Quran
These two (2) resources contributed to the wealth and prosperity of the Ghana Empire.
**Daily Double**
Gold and Salt
In Mali's social structure, these were the two (2) main classes that divided the people.
Freemen, casted individuals
This geographical feature provided natural boundaries and protection to the Western African kingdoms in the north.
The Sahara Desert
These are the modern day countries that the Songhai kingdom encompassed.
Senegal, Mali, Mauritania
The Middle East
This major West African river played a significant role in the economic and political power of the Ghana Empire.
The Niger River
This is what Mansa Musa built along his pilgrimage to Mecca.
**Daily Double**
Mosques
This is the name of the coastal region/body of water that was important for trade and contact with other regions.
Gulf of Guinea
This power played a significant role in the downfall of the Songhai Empire.
**Daily Double**
Morocco / Berber Tribe / Spain
The religion of _______ is more popular in northern Africa. The religion of _______ is more popular in southern Africa
Islam, Christianity
The officials of the Ghanaian Empire would charge this each time a merchant entered or left the empires.
Taxes
This city became a center of trade, learning, and Islamic scholarship during the reign of Mansa Musa.
Timbuktu
This geographical feature is the transition zone between the rainforests and the desert. It is an arid zone.
Sahel
This Songhai ruler is remembered for his promotion of Islam, his reforms in the empire's legal and administrative systems, and his military conquests.
Askia Muhammad
This is the fifth pillar of Islam, known for the pilgrimage to Mecca.
**Daily Double**
Hajj
The reason why the gold and salt trade was so profitable. (Why is gold valuable and why is salt valuable?
Gold was valuable as jewelry and as a currency to all.
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Salt was used as a seasoning in food and a preservative.
Gold and salt were two valuable resources that were traded extensively by the Western African kingdoms. Name two (2) more resources that contributed to their wealth.
Ivory, slaves, copper
These are (at least 4) of the modern day countries that encompassed the historical territories of the Western African kingdoms.
Ghana, Mali, Senegal, Niger, Nigeria, Mauritania, Gambia
Three reasons why the Songhai Empire declined.
Gunpowder / Cannons
Drought
Food Shortage
These were the two main reasons that Islam spread throughout Africa.
Trade, conquest