Foundations &
Facts
Facts
The head of the Roman Catholic Church had power equal to the Scriptures in the Medieval era:
Who is the Pope?
This 200-year period of peace in the Roman Empire began under Caesar Augustus.
What is the Pax Romana?
His crowning by the Pope in 800AD symbolized both cooperation and conflict between Church and State.
Who was Charlemagne?
This system developed for protection after Rome fell and gave most power to lords.
What is feudalism?
This Greek term dēmokratia can be broken up into two separate words, explain the two words and what they mean:
What is demos (body of citizens) and kratos (rule).
Modern scientific methods came from this ancient Greek philosopher
Who is Aristotle?
He wrote The Allegory of the Cave, a famous philosophical work.
Who was Plato?
The weakening of Rome’s borders led to invasions by barbarian tribes and eventually the rise of this Frankish kingdom.
What is the kingdom of Charlemagne?
Lords granted land to vassals in exchange for service; these fortified structures were built for protection.
What are castles?
This ancient city-state is credited as the birthplace of democracy.
What is Athens?
In general, the only people able to read and write during the Middle Ages
Who are clergy of the Roman Catholic Church?
This Roman general made history by “crossing the Rubicon,” an act symbolizing what:
Who was Julius Caesar and an irreversible decision.
This institution held great influence during the Middle Ages:
What is the Roman Catholic Church?
In the feudal system, this person owned land and gave it to others who were called what:
Who is the King and Lords/vassals.
The Roman republic was based off of what early form of Democracy and was different in this way:
What is direct democracy (Ancient Athens) and had elected representatives
These two philosophers are shown in The School of Athens, with one pointing upward and the other extending his hand outward.
Who are Plato (ideals) and Aristotle (observation)?
This 313AD, Constantine legalized Christianity and returned Church property, helping the faith grow within the empire by this:
What is the Edict of Milan?
These two spiritual tools were used by popes to maintain power over rulers and communities.
What are: excommunication, interdiction, indulgences, relics.
This political idea inspired modern republics, promoted individual rights, and encouraged citizen involvement.
What is democracy?
The Roman republic was structured in what way:
What is two consuls, 300 senators, 10 tribunals, and a citizens assembly.
He was one of the most powerful popes of the Medieval Church.
Who was Pope Innocent III?
These three major issues led to the fall of the Roman Empire.
What are economic problems, moral decay, and political corruption?
This emperor persecuted the Christian church with this result:
Who is Nero and he caused the growth of the church even though he tried to destroy it.
This claim by the Pope gave the Roman Catholic Church significant power in the Middle Ages:
What is the claim that his teachings have the same authority as Scriptures.
This form of government replaced the Roman Republic and ended democratic rule.
What is autocracy (rule by an Emperor).