People
Due to the efforts of St. Patrick, _______________________________.
many Irish people became Christians.
Identify the English Channel
What change in education developed in the Middle Ages?
The first universities developed.
Books created by monks
Illuminated Manuscripts
The official language of all written manuscripts in the Roman Catholic church was
Latin
St. Boniface converted people to Christianity in
Germany
What was the Holy Roman Empire?
The Empire founded by rulers like Charlemagne and Otto the Great.
Who were the Franks?
people living along the Rhine River in modern Germany and France
Europe between the A.D. 400s and 1100s is characterized by
Strong religious authorities
A secluded community where men called monks focus on prayer is called a
Monastery
What is credited to Charlemagne?
the increase of learning in Europe
What land did the Vikings originally call home?
Scandinavia
Monks and nuns served the community by …
providing social services such as food, clothing, education, and health care.
The Treaty of Verdun
divided Charlemagne's empire.
About 529, an Italian monk developed a structured way of monastic life with regulations known as the
Benedictine Rule
Who conquered and united most Germanic tribes (including the Franks) and defeated the last Roman army around 486 AD?
Clovis I
Erik the Red founded the first European settlement in this area, and gave it a name that did not accurately describe the area to make it more appealing:
Greenland
Which event, more than any other, signified the beginning of the 'Dark Ages' in Europe?
collapse of the western Roman Empire
What was the significance of the Battle of Tours in 732?
It stopped the Muslim advance into Europe
Monasteries were ideal targets for Viking attacks because they were
wealthy and poorly defended
Which of the following best describes the Vikings?
raiders, farmers, and traders
Describe North Atlantic Drift
The relatively warm waters of the North Atlantic Drift are responsible for moderating the climate of western Europe, so that winters are less cold than would otherwise be expected at its latitude. Without the warm North Atlantic Drift, the UK and other places in Europe would be as cold as Canada, at the same latitude
Which statement describes the relationship between the papacy and Charlemagne during the early Middle Ages?
They often needed each other’s help in order to maintain power.
Person 1: “My enemies say I have committed terrible sins…but I have not! They threatened
to gouge out my eyes and cut out my tongue…I had to escape the monastery where I was
held hostage!”
Person 2: “As a Christian, it my duty to help defend the Church…But no mere king can restore
order in Rome, the capital of the old Roman empire. Only a new Roman emperor can do that.”
Pope Leo III and Charlemagne
• Communion
• Weddings
• Baptism
What are these?
Sacraments