Section 1 – Culture Clash on the Prairie
In the United States, the grassland extending through the west-central portion.
What is the Great Plains?
Deposits of the precious yellow metal were discovered in scattered sites from the Black Hills of SD and Cripple Creek, CO, to Nome, AK.
What is gold?
In the 1860s, the two companies began a race to lay railroad track.
What are Central Pacific and Union Pacific?
A young adult in the early 1870s, left home to teach school on the Kansas plains. After marrying farmer Charles Lease, she joined the growing Farmers’ Alliance movement and began speaking on issues of concern to farmers.
Who was Mary Elizabeth Lease?
Gold was discovered in California, name American’s perspective of the West.
Why did Americans come to view the West as a region of unlimited possibility?
While the horse gave Native Americans speed and mobility, the ______ provided many of their basic needs and was central to life on the Plains.
What is buffalo?
Prospectors looked for gold. They scooped up mud and water from the streambed in a flat pan and swirled it. The circular motion caused the sand to wash over the side, leaving the remaining minerals.
What is panning for gold?
African Americans who moved from the post-Reconstruction South to Kansas.
Who were Exodusters?
During the Civil War, the United States had issued almost $500 million in paper money. They could not be exchanged for silver or gold money and worth less than hard money of the same face value.
What were greenbacks?
Mark Twain was a would-be gold and silver miner who penned tales of frontier life. ______ is set in a California mining camp. Most of the tale is told by Simon Wheeler, an old-timer given to exaggeration.
What is The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County?
In 1887, Congress passed the _____ aiming to “Americanize” the Native Americans. The act broke up the reservations and gave some of the reservation land to individual Native Americans, selling the remainder of the reservations to settlers.
What was the Dawes Act?
In 1898, prospectors in Fairbanks, Alaska, found ____ to be more efficient than panning, since it could extract gold from soil. They would shovel soil into a trough through which water flowed and the water would carry off lightweight materials.
What is sluicing?
Since trees were scarce, most settlers built their homes from the land itself. Many pioneers dug their homes into the sides of ravines or small hills.
What is a dugout?
By the 1870s, members spent most of their time and energy fighting the railroads. The battle plan included teaching its members how to organize, how to set up farmers’ cooperatives, and how to sponsor state legislation to regulate railroads.
What was the Patrons of Husbandry (Grange)?
In the border ballads of the American Southwest, few figures are as famous as the Mexican vaquero, ____. An excerpt from a ballad deals with confrontation between him and a group of Texas lawmen. Although he is hotly pursued, he has an amazingly long run before being captured.
Who is Gregorio Cortez?
In 1890, the Seventh Cavalry rounded up about 350 starving and freezing Sioux and took them to a camp in South Dakota. The next day, the soldiers opened fire with deadly cannon. Within minutes, the Seventh Cavalry slaughtered as many as 300 mostly unarmed Native Americans. This event, _____ , brought the Indian wars to a bitter end.
What was the Battle of Wounded Knee?
Most gold was in veins in ___. Mining these deposits involved digging tunnels along the veins of gold and breaking up tons of ore— hard and dangerous work.
What is underground rock?
They worked in the fields, sheared the sheep and carded wool to make clothes for their families. They hauled water from wells that they had helped to dig, made soap and candles from tallow, and they canned fruits & vegetables. They were skilled in doctoring, and sponsored schools and churches to build strong communities.
What was women’s work on the flat, endless prairie?
The economic reform proposed by the Populists included taxing people based on the amount of income they have. Richer people would pay more taxes than people who had less income.
What is progressive income tax?
Known as ___, Chief Satanta represented the Kiowa people in the 1867 Medicine Lodge Creek negotiations with the U.S. government.
Who was the Orator of the Plains?
In 1876, when Colonel Custer and his troops reached the Little Bighorn River, the Native Americans were ready for them. Led by Crazy Horse, Gall, and Sitting Bull, the warriors—with raised spears and rifles—outflanked and crushed Custer’s troops. Within an hour, Custer and all the men of the Seventh Cavalry were dead.
What was Custer’s Last Stand?
A mine at ____ attracted many women and children. It grew out of the vision of a young rancher, Bob Womack. He found gold particles washed down from higher land and was convinced that the area was literally a gold mine.
What was Cripple Creek?
Between 1885 and 1890, much of the plains experienced ___ , and large single-crop operations couldn’t compete with smaller farms, which could be more flexible in the crops they grew.
What is drought?
With McKinley’s election, ___ collapsed, burying the hopes of farmers. The movement left two powerful legacies: a message that the down-trodden could organize and have political impact, and an agenda of reforms, many of which would be enacted in the 20th century.
What is Populism?
“All the land south of the Arkansas belongs to the ___, and I don’t want to give away any of it. I love the land and the buffalo and will not part with it.” —Chief Satanta, speech at the Medicine Lodge Creek Council (1867)
Who were the Kiowas and Comanches?