Ecosystem Services
When you can consume, collect, or take a resource provided by the environment, it is considered this type of ecosystem service.
What is a provisioning service?
This region is above 67oN and is warming at 2x - 3x the global average rate.
What is the arctic?
This type of organism is an amphibian characterized by their lizard-like appearance and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults.
What is a salamander?
Approximately this many birds are killed by feral cats each year.
What is 1-4 billion?
This term is used to describe the method where a production system that integrates trees or other perennial vegetation into crop fields.
What is Agro-forestry?
Non-material benefits that flow through human-ecosystem interactions are defined as this:
What are cultural services?
This apparent deflection of moving air and water on Earth is caused by the planet’s rotation and influences global wind patterns and ocean currents.
What is the Coriolis effect
These arctic organisms have large hooves that help them walk on the wet summer ground and soft winter snow without sinking in.
What is a caribou?
This type of predator sits in the middle of the food chain and is often kept in check by apex predators, but can increase dramatically when top predators are removed, sometimes causing ecosystem imbalance.
What is a mesopredator?
This category of wildlife is able to thrive in urban environments if there is enough native habitat. They are common on the edges of cities or in suburban landscapes.
What are urban adapters?
Pollination is an example of this type of ecosystem service
What is a regulating service?
This habitat type is at the interface of rivers and oceans, and is 2-10x more productive than marine and freshwater ecosystems
What is an estuary?
This type of animal subsist on carrion & require food hunted by other animals or that died naturally.
What are scavengers?
This term refers to a plant or animal species whose presence, absence, or abundance reflects the health of an ecosystem, often used to detect environmental change or pollution.
What are indicator species?
This percentage of the earth's surface is covered by agriculture
What is 40%?
The processes, habitats and biodiversity that produces all other types of services is defined as this type of ecosystem service.
What is a supporting service?
Birds are declining in all ecosystems, except for this one.
What are wetlands?
This disease has killed millions of bats to date and causes fungal growth around the nose and mouth
What is white nose syndrome?
When human presence affects carnivore behavior, and it affects multiple species across trophic levels, it is known as this.
What is a Behavioral Trophic Cascade?
This term defines voluntary agreements between landowners and another party to restrict activities on private land.
What are conservation easments?
These are the three methods that a scientist could use to measure ecosystem services
What are field studies, national censuses, and models?
This 1900 U.S. law, later strengthened, makes it illegal to trade in wildlife, fish, or plants that have been illegally taken, possessed, transported, or sold.
What is the Lacey Act?
This term is used to describe the idea that carnivores are an essential control for herbivore populations, and in turn maintain plant abundance across habitats.
What is the Green Hypothesis?
This "era" of human-wildlife interaction is characterized by the idea that wildlife should only be used for human benefit, and that nature is dangerous and should be tamed. Passenger pigeons were decimated during this era.
What is the era of exploitation?
This is the phenomenon where urban areas are significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas.
What is Urban Heat Island? (UHI)