Head and Shoulders
What is the anatomical term to describe the relation of the head to the chest?
Superior
What does "CMS" stand for; and how do we assess it?
Circulation, sensation, motor/movement
List the layers of the integumentary system
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous tissue
You're skiing buddy falls in front of you and you hit them with your freshly sharpened edges. They sustain a large laceration to their arm and it is bleeding profusely.
What is the order in which to care for this?
Direct pressure!
Then what? Pressure dressing or tourniquet?
List the types of oxygen delivery systems and the flow rates
Non-rebreather: 10-15 LPM
Bag Valve Mask: 15 LPM
What are the most commonly injured parts of the spine?
Cervical, lumbar
Ouch. I really fell and hurt my knee while we were trail running. It's a little swollen and I think I can walk out..
How should I best care for this injury?
(tell the patient how to care for this injury)
Rest, ice, compression, inflammation control, elevation
What is the main different between a heart attack (myocardial infarction) and angina?
MI: tissue death
angina: decreased oxygen to tissue (ischemia)
List at least 5 different reasons someone could have altered mental status?
Alcohol, electrolytes, blood sugar, overdose, drugs, trauma, infection, psychosis, stroke, etc
I am a little oxygen molecule. As I enter your oral cavity, getting breathed in, what is the order of where I go next?
Nasopharynx/Oropharynx > laryngopharynx > trachea > bronchus > bronchioles > alveoli > blood
List 5 signs/symptoms that would make me believe my patient had a severe head injury, and needs to evacuate:
Change in or decreasing LOC, pupil changes, low BP with a widening pulse pressure, seizures, battle signs, raccoon eyes, vomiting x3, bleeding from nose or ears, etc
What are the 5 qualities of a good splint?
Rigid, padded, adjustable, above and below, easily assess pulses and sensation
Hypovolemic
Cardiogenic
Distributive
Obstructive
Name the four mechanisms of heat transfer/loss
Conduction, convection, evaporation, radiation
Name the 6 rights of medication administration
The right patient, medication, dose, route, time, and documentation
Bonus; expiration date.
What does AVPU stand for?
Alert, verbal, pain, unresponsive
What is the difference between a strain and a sprain?
Strain is tendon
Sprain is ligament
(what is the difference between those??)
An open abdominal wound from which organs protrude is called what?
Evisceration
Ok. List those vitals!!
HR, RR, BP, SP02, and Temp
HR: 60-100. bpm
RR: 12-20 rpm
BP: 120/80 mmHg
SP02: 94% or greater
Temp: 97.7-100.3F
If you no longer hear any noise, then initiate abdominal thrusts
As WFR's, we can assess spines in the backcounty. What are the components of clearing someone's spine?
They need to be sober
There is no pain on palpation
No distracting injuries
No neurologic deficits
Alert and oriented x 3-4
No pain with neck movement
List all the bones that make up the arm. List the bones for the leg!
ARM: radius, ulna, humerus, metacarpals, carpals, phalanges
LEG: phalanges, tarsals, metatarsals, fibula, tibia, femur, patella
What is the name of the vessels have thick muscular walls that allow constriction and dilation
Arteries
What are the colors and priorities we assign to patients during a mass casualty incident (MCI)?
Green/Priority 3/ Minimal
Yellow/ Priority 2/ Delayed
Red/ Priority 1/ Immediate
Black/ Priority 4/ Expectant or Dead
What is the term for the blue-ish color our tissues get when they are low on oxygen?
Cyanosis