Cold War
The intense effort by the US and USSR to build up as many nuclear weapons as possible
What is the arms race?
This event occurred at the creation of the state of Israel, and set the tone for how Israel's Muslim neighbors would interact with the Jewish state.
What is the 1948 Arab-Israeli War?
This is the terrorist organization who wanted to free Protestant Northern Ireland from British control, and reunite it with the Catholic remainder of Ireland (as a completely independent state)?
Who is the Irish Republican Army?
This was the first woman to govern the State of Israel. She was in office during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Who was Golda Meir?
These three communications technologies increased the spread and speed of information traveling around the world in the 20th century.
What are television, satellites, and computers?
The certainty that any country who launches nuclear weapons would also be bombed by their enemy's nuclear weapons. This caused people to avoid nuclear war.
What is Mutually-Assured Destruction?
This was a decolonization movement in Africa that was largely peaceful and led by Kwame Nkrumah.
What is the decolonization of Ghana?
This 1972 event represents a period of intense violence between government forces (from Great Britain) and terrorists (from the IRA).
What is Bloody Sunday?
This was a period of violence during the administration of Golda Meir in Israel, which represented Israel's failure to create peace with the Arabs.
What is the 1973 Yom Kippur War?
The international organization was designed to make international trade easier by encouraging free trade policies around the world but opponents say it helps wealthy countries and multinational corporations too much.
What is the World Trade Organization (WTO)?
The tendency of arms manufacturers to build more weapons, with more destructive potential, and sell them to militaries who wanted to have the top-of-the-line equipment. This led to an ever-increasing cost for militaries and ever-increasing number of weapons available.
What is the military-industrial complex?
This event saw the Chinese attempt both industrialization (through backward furnaces to smelt steel) and collectivization of agriculture (through seizure of lands and redistribution of it), ending in famine and failure.
What is the Great Leap Forward?
This 1998 agreement brought peace between the forces of the IRA and the British Government, after nearly thirty years of fighting in Ireland.
What are the Good Friday Agreements?
This was the first woman to lead the independent country of India. She was well-known to the Indian people due to her role in the decolonization movement in India.
Who is Indira Gandhi?
This organization of countries that have large deposits of oil allows its member countries to work together to control the global supply and price of oil and gasoline.
What is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?
The wall dividing East and West Berlin, with one side controlled by the US, France, and Great Britain, and the other side controlled by the USSR. This was a metaphor for the Cold War.
What is the Berlin Wall?
This became the country of Pakistan, followed by the country of Bangladesh, where Indian Muslims fled during the Partition of India, because they did not want to live under the majority Hindu government.
Where did Muslim Indians go, and what did they want, during the Partition?
This is the name of the Muslim Terrorist organization who attacked the the United States in 2001.
What is Al-Qaeda?
This refers to the first woman prime minister of Great Britain. She is famous for her conservative policies that promoted laissez-faire economics and dismantled social welfare programs.
Who is Margaret Thatcher?
This 2016 international agreement featured countries pledging to take steps to reduce carbon emissions around the world.
What is the Paris Agreement?
Reforms led by Mikhail Gorbachev, including Glasnost (openness, freedom of press, some release of prisoners,) and perestroika (economic restructuring to move away pure communism and allow some capitalist activity).
What are the causes for the collapse of the Soviet Union?
This violent episode led to Israel gaining significant amounts of territory and also displacing significant numbers of Muslim Palestinians.
What is the 1967 Six-Day War?
This is the name of the headquarters for the US military, which was attacked on 9/11, along with the World Trade Center in New York City, and the White House.
What is the Pentagon?
These were the first female leaders in India, Israel, and Great Britain.
Who are Indira Gandhi, Golda Meir, and Margaret Thatcher?
The 1997 Kyoto Protocol agreement featured countries around the world pledging to take steps to address this international crisis.
What is climate change?