Global Encounters
This period witnessed European exploration and colonization of the Americas, forever changing the course of world history.
European Contact with the Americas
The overthrow of the Tsarist regime in Russia in 1917 led to the establishment of the world's first communist state. What revolution was this?
The Russian Revolution
This powerful dynasty, known for its advancements in gunpowder technology and the Great Wall, ruled China from 1368 to 1644.
The Ming Dynasty
The Industrial Revolution, which began in Great Britain in the 18th century, transformed economies and societies with new inventions and factories. What invention is often associated with the Industrial Revolution?
Steam Engine, Power Loom, Cotton Gin
The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 marked the beginning of a long period of European exploration and colonization of the Americas. What indigenous civilizations did Europeans encounter in the Americas?
Maya, Aztec, or Inca
European powers like Britain, France, and Spain competed for colonies and resources during this era. What is this era called?
The Age of Imperialism
The overthrow of the French monarchy and the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte were defining events of this late 18th-century revolution.
The French Revolution
A system of indirect rule where a powerful empire maintains control over conquered territories through local leaders is known as what?
Indirect Rule
The rise of factory production during the Industrial Revolution led to a system of mass production where identical goods were produced on a large scale. What is this system called?
Mass Production
The Columbian Exchange refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, diseases, and cultures between the Americas, Europe, and Africa after 1492. What or who was it named after?
Christopher Columbus
The British East India Company's rule over India faced a major challenge from Indian soldiers known as Sepoys in the mid-19th century. What was this rebellion called?
The Sepoy Mutiny
Inspired by the ideals of liberty and equality, this revolution established the first independent black republic in the Americas.
The Haitian Revolution
While Europe underwent significant changes, Japan remained isolated under the Tokugawa Shogunate for over 200 years. Who held real power in Japan under the Tokugawa Shogunate?
The Shoguns
The harsh working conditions and low wages in factories during the Industrial Revolution led to the rise of labor unions, which advocated for worker rights. What is the goal of a labor union?
To improve wages, working conditions, and benefits for workers
The Columbian Exchange also led to the introduction of new crops like corn, potatoes, and tomatoes to Europe and Asia. What impact did these new crops have on these regions?
Population Growth, Dietary Changes, Agricultural Diversification
The Columbian Exchange wasn't just about goods and diseases. This exchange also led to the transfer of cultural practices and ideas between the Americas, Europe, and Africa. What is one example of a cultural practice or idea that was spread during the Columbian Exchange?
The introduction to Christianity to the Americas
The Adoption of European Agricultural techniques in Africa
Spread of new Artistic Styles or Foods
The concept of "liberty, equality, fraternity" became a rallying cry for revolutionaries during the French Revolution. What aspect of the social order did "fraternity" challenge?
Social hierarchy (or inequality)
The Ottoman Empire, a major Islamic power, reached its height during this era, controlling vast territories in the Middle East and North Africa. What was the capital of the Ottoman Empire?
Constantinople
The rise of new technologies and industries during what period led to rapid economic growth?
The Industrial Revolution
The spread of European diseases like smallpox had a devastating impact on indigenous populations in the Americas. How did these diseases contribute to the decline of indigenous civilizations?
Lack of Immunity, High Mortality Rates, or Disruption to social structure
A wave of anti-foreign sentiment in China led to a violent uprising against Western powers and Christian missionaries in the late 19th century. What was this uprising called?
The Boxer Rebellion
The concept of scientific socialism, developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, argued that history progresses through class struggle and predicted the inevitable rise of a classless society. What is this classless society called?
A communist society
The Protestant Reformation challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and led to the establishment of new Christian denominations. What was one of the key figures of the Reformation?
Martin Luther, Henry VIII, John Calvin
The rise of large corporations and industrial monopolies during the Industrial Revolution led to calls for government regulation to prevent unfair business practices. What is a monopoly?
A company that has exclusive control over a commodity or service in a particular market
Simón Bolívar, a key figure in the independence movements of South America, is often referred to as "The Liberator." Which country did he help liberate from Spanish rule?
Venezuela, Colombia, or Peru