Empires
This Ottoman ruler earned the title “Lawgiver” for reorganizing the empire’s legal system while expanding Ottoman territory to its height.
Who is Suleiman the Magnificent?
This commercial organization controlled much of the Indian Ocean spice trade for the Dutch during the 17th century.
What is the VOC (Dutch East India Company)?
This Enlightenment thinker argued most directly for the separation of powers within government and was often quoted in the Federalist Papers.
Who is Montesquieu?
This term describes the movement of people from rural areas into cities during the Industrial Revolution.
What is urbanization?
This U.S. financial aid program sought to rebuild Western Europe after World War II.
What is the Marshall Plan?
This Russian ruler modernized the military, relocated the country's capital, and sought to westernize Russia after traveling through Europe.
Who is Peter the Great?
This triangular sail design improved the ability of ships to navigate against the wind and became especially important in Indian Ocean trade.
What is the lateen sail?
This phrase, used during the Cold War, described Mao Zedong’s attempt to rapidly industrialize China through collective agriculture and steel production.
What is the Great Leap Forward?
This canal, completed in 1869, dramatically shortened trade routes between Europe and Asia and increased imperial competition.
What is the Suez Canal?
This policy of reduced tensions between the U.S. and USSR became prominent during the 1970s.
What is détente?
This ritual performed before the Chinese emperor required foreign representatives to bow deeply as a sign of submission and respect.
What is the kowtow?
This labor system in Spanish colonies exchanged Christian conversion for Indigenous labor.
What is the encomienda system?
This French political faction became associated with radical republicanism and the Reign of Terror.
Who are the Jacobins?
This South American country became one of the world’s leading exporters of beef and wheat during the late 19th-century global industrial economy.
What is Argentina?
This Chinese protest movement in 1989 ended violently when the government cracked down on demonstrators demanding reform.
What is the Tiananmen Square protests?
This Qing emperor oversaw a period of major territorial expansion and prosperity while restricting European trade through the Canton System.
Who is Emperor Qianlong?
This Portuguese-sponsored explorer’s expedition became the first to successfully circumnavigate the globe (although he died fighting in the Philippines), demonstrating the growing interconnectedness of world trade.
Who is Ferdinand Magellan?
This leader helped overthrow the Qing Dynasty and is often called the “Father of Modern China.”
Who is Sun Yat-sen?
This event demonstrated Indian resistance to British colonial rule and resulted in direct British control over India.
What is the Sepoy Mutiny / Indian Rebellion of 1857?
This Chinese leader introduced market-oriented economic reforms while maintaining Communist Party control after 1978.
Who is Deng Xiaoping?
This West African ruler expanded the Songhai Empire through military conquest and helped make it the largest empire in West African history.
Who is Sunni Ali?
These large Spanish ships transported silver from the Americas across the Pacific and connected New Spain to Asian markets through Manila.
Answer: What are Spanish galleons?
This Latin American priest became known as the “Father of Mexican Independence” after issuing the Grito de Dolores.
Who is Miguel Hidalgo?
This Japanese victory in 1905 demonstrated that an industrialized Asian nation could successfully defeat a major European power.
What is the Russo-Japanese War?
This Soviet policy under Mikhail Gorbachev promoted openness and greater freedom of information in the USSR.
What is glasnost?