People
Places
Beliefs
Products
Practices
100
the Arab prophet who founded Islam
(570-632)
Who is Muhammad?
100
A Muslim-ruled region in what is now Spain, established in the eighth century C.E.
Where is Al-Andalus?
100
PART 1: Islamic sect that believes its religious leader should be chosen based on heredity
PART 2: name a member of the group
What is Shia?
Who is a Shi'ite?
100
Result of taking Confucian and Buddhist beliefs, combining them into this. However, it is still very much Confucian in belief.
What is Neo-Confucianism?
100
From Incan society, people paid taxes with their labor and what they produced; men and women were expected to contribute this labor to the state yearly
What is the Mita economic system?
200
Muslim religious scholars. From the ninth century onward, the primary interpreters of Islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies.
Who are the ulama?
200
term that means the "house of Islam" and that refers to lands under Islamic rule
What is dar al-Islam?
200
PART 1: a member of the branch of Islam that accepts the first four caliphs as rightful successors to Muhammad; caliphs can be chosen from the community; largest branch of Islam
PART 2: name the branch itself
Who is Sunni?
What is Sunnism?
200
Book composed of divine revelations made to the Prophet Muhammad between ca. 610 and his death in 632; the sacred text of the religion of Islam.
What is the Qu'ran? (Quran)
200
Tax that non-Muslims had to pay when living within a Muslim empire; used by the Umayyad Caliphate
What is jizya?
300
The term for all Muslims as a community.
Who are the umma?
300
What is the kaaba?
300
PART 1: a mystical Muslim group that believe they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life; were essential in spreading Islam outside of the Middle East/Arabian peninsula
PART 2: An Islamic mystical tradition that desired a personal union with God--divine love through intuition rather than through rational deduction and study of the Shari'a. Followed an ascetic routine (denial of physical desire to gain a spiritual goal), dedicating themselves to fasting, prayer, meditation on the Qur'an, and the avoidance of sin.
Who is a sufi?
What is Sufism?
300
Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season; led to increased populations in Song Dynasty China. Originally introduced into Vietnam from India, it was later sent to China as part of the tributary system.
What is Champa rice?
300
Body of Islamic law that includes interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life; often used as a legal basis in Islamic empires
What is Sharia?
400
Literally "people of the book"; applied as inclusive term to Jews and Christians in Islamic territories; later extended to Zoroastrians and even Hindus & Buddhists
Who are the dhimmi?
400
The dominant center of an important Mississippi valley mound-building culture, located near present-day St. Louis, Missouri; flourished from about 900 to 1250 C.E.
Where is Cahokia?
400
(also called Chen) a Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition; illustrates the adaptations Buddhism made as it spread to new areas and interacted with different cultures
What is Zen Buddhism?
400
Large Islamic-based Library and learning center. Focus of conversion of Greek and Roman classics and Indian learning into Arabic. Preserved knowledge.
What is The House of Wisdom in Baghdad?
400
5th pillar of Islam, the Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that takes place in the last month of the year, and that all Muslims are expected to make at least once during their lifetime, if they are able
What is hajj?
500
successor to Muhammad as political and religious leader of the Muslims
Who is the Caliph?
500
Was Axum, a Christian kingdom that developed in the highlands of eastern Africa under the dynasty of King Lalaibela; retained Christianity in the face of Muslim expansion elsewhere in Africa; facilitated trade. Modern name for it.
Where is Ethiopia?
500
In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors.
What is Filial Piety?
500
Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency
What is Flying Money?
500
A form of farming used in the Inca Empire; divided the hills into terraces or flat steps almost like steps; they could then control the amount of water being put into those places; led to vastly improved agriculture for the Incas
What is Waru Waru Agriculture?