Age of Exploration
This Portuguese innovation in ship design made long-distance ocean voyages more feasible.
What is the caravel?
This deadly disease, endemic to the Eastern Hemisphere, devastated indigenous American populations.
What is smallpox?
This economic theory, promoted by European rulers, emphasized the accumulation of precious metals and the maintenance of favorable trade balances.
What is mercantilism?
This Spanish system granted colonists control over indigenous labor and tribute in the Americas.
What is the encomienda system?
This 1680 uprising by indigenous peoples drove Spanish colonists out of New Mexico for over a decade
What is the Pueblo Revolt?
This Spanish explorer's voyages across the Atlantic dramatically increased European interest in transoceanic travel.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
These American crops became staple foods across Europe, Asia, and Africa.
What are potatoes, maize (corn), and tomatoes?
This triangular trade system involved the movement of goods, wealth, and enslaved people between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
What is the Atlantic trading system?
This Inca labor obligation was adapted by Spanish colonists for mining and construction projects.
What is the mit'a system?
These communities of escaped enslaved people were established in remote areas of the Caribbean and Brazil.
What are Maroon societies?
These were used by European rulers to finance exploration and compete in global trade.
What are joint-stock companies (like the Dutch East India Company)?
These domesticated animals were brought by Europeans to the Americas and transformed indigenous ways of life.
What are horses, cattle, and pigs?
These agricultural estates in the Americas relied heavily on enslaved labor to produce cash crops.
What are plantations?
This form of labor involved people working for a fixed period to pay off debts or travel costs.
What is indentured servitude?
This African queen led resistance against Portuguese colonization in Angola.
Who is Ana Nzinga?
This navigational instrument, borrowed from Islamic and Chinese technology, helped determine latitude at sea.
What is the astrolabe?
This crop, brought by enslaved Africans, became important in American cuisine and agriculture.
What is okra?
This mixing of African, American, and European cultures and peoples occurred through the Atlantic trading system.
What is creolization (cultural synthesis)?
This system of hereditary bondage became the foundation of plantation agriculture in the Americas.
What is chattel slavery?
This conflict, also known as King Philip's War, was fought between colonists and Native Americans in New England.
What is Metacom's War?
This country's trading-post empire was built through maritime technology and navigational skills
What is the Portuguese trading-post empire?
This global flow of precious metal, especially from Spanish colonies, was used to purchase Asian goods and satisfy Chinese demand.
What is silver?
Term for the 3-part trade network connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas, and often describes the routes of slave ships.
What is the Triangular Trade?
This large estate system in Spanish America combined agriculture and ranching with bound labor.
What is the hacienda system?
This French civil war represented resistance to royal centralization and state power.
What is the Fronde?