Lexical
A word that describes or modifies a noun
Adjective
A morpheme that can stand alone as a word
A morpheme that can stand alone as a word
The part of the sentence that tells who or what the sentence is about
Subject
Words with opposite meanings
Antonyms
Meaning derived from context rather than literal words
Contextual meaning
A word that expresses an action or state of being
Verb
A morpheme that cannot stand alone and must attach to another morpheme
Bound morpheme
The part of the sentence that contains the verb and its complements
Predicate
Words that have the same or nearly the same meaning
Synonyms
An indirect meaning implied but not stated
Implicature
A word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb
Adverb
A morpheme that changes the meaning or category of a word
Derivational morpheme
A group of words with a head noun
Noun phrase
A word whose meaning includes another word’s meaning (e.g., rose → flower)
Hyponym
A request, promise, or apology performed through language
Speech act
A word that connects words, phrases, or clauses
Conjunction
A morpheme that shows grammatical information such as tense or number
Inflectional morpheme
A group of words that begins with a preposition
Prepositional phrase
Meaning based on reference to real-world objects or ideas
Denotative meaning
Language used to perform an action (e.g., declaring, promising)
Performative utterance
A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea
Noun
The smallest unit of meaning in a language
Morpheme
The basic order of subject, verb, and object in English
Subject–Verb–Object (SVO)
Meaning relationships between words
Sense relations
The study of how language is used in social situations
Pragmatics