Figurative Language
What type of figurative language is used when the speaker refers to rising "out of the darkness of slavery into the light of freedom"?
Metaphor
When the speaker mentions the literacy rate increasing from 80% illiterate to 80% literate, which rhetorical appeal is being used?
Logos because they're facts
Is this a fallacy? "Because some Black Americans are poor, all Black Americans are poor." Which one?
Yes, Hasty Generalization
The speaker observes improvements in literacy and homeownership among Black Americans. What type of reasoning leads them to conclude that progress has been made?
Inductive
Is this a rhetorical question, antithesis, irony or zeugma?
"We do not believe that justice and common decency will allow these conditions to continue."
zeugma
Identify an example of alliteration from the speech.
"strengthened it with our faith," "enriched it with our song"
How does the speaker use pathos to connect with the audience regarding the Black Americans who lived there at the time?
By describing inequalities
Is this a fallacy? "The speaker mentions several successful Black Americans, therefore all Black Americans have equal opportunities." Which one?
Yes, Hasty Generalization
The speaker describes various inequalities and then argues for a "new America." What type of reasoning is this?
Inductive
Is this a rhetorical question, antithesis, irony or zeugma?
When she says that Black Americans have "helped to build America with our labor" while simultaneously facing discrimination
Irony
What type of figurative language is "democratic doors"? How do you know?
"democratic doors" compares opportunities to doors that can be opened or closed.
How does the speaker establish ethos in the speech?
Personal experience, historical references, and the respect afforded to their position as a leader.
Is this a fallacy? "If we don't give Black Americans full equality, America will fall apart." Which one?
Yes, Slippery Slope
The speaker states that America is a democracy striving for an ideal. What type of reasoning is used when they then infer that Black Americans share that dream?
Abductive
The speaker uses parallel structure when listing the progress made: "from...to...; from...to...; from...to...". What is the effect of this structure?
The speaker uses the phrase "first fruits of a rich harvest." What type of figurative language is being used? What does it suggest about the future?
The analogy compares the achievements of Black Americans to the first part of a harvest, suggesting that even greater achievements will come in the future when they have more opportunities.
Give an example of where the speaker uses logos to support their argument.
The statistics about literacy and homeownership.
Is this a fallacy? "Since Black Americans have fought in wars for America, they deserve full equality." Which one?
Yes, Non Sequitur
The speaker notes the sacrifices Black Americans have made for the country and then argues for their right to equality. Is this primarily deductive, inductive, or abductive reasoning? Explain.
Inductive -- The speaker provides examples of sacrifices and then draws a broader conclusion about deserving equality.
The speech contrasts the "darkness of slavery" with the "light of freedom." What rhetorical device is this, and what is its impact?
What type of figurative language is being used when Bethune says "greatest battle"? And then explain its effect.
The implied hyperbole might be the idea that the struggle is the "greatest battle," implying it's of immense importance.
Explain how the speaker uses a combination of ethos, pathos, and logos to create a powerful call to action at the end of the speech.
The combination creates a sense of hope and urgency, inspiring the audience to join the fight for a better future.
Is this a fallacy? "The speaker is a religious person, therefore everything they say is true." Which one?
Yes, Appeal to Authority
The speaker asserts that Black Americans have contributed to American culture. How does the speaker utilize inductive reasoning to support this claim?
The speaker provides examples of cultural contributions, such as specific individuals, and then draws a broader conclusion about Black Americans' contributions to American culture.
How does the speaker use antithesis in the final paragraph to emphasize the importance of the fight for equality?
The speaker uses antithesis to juxtapose the current struggles with the envisioned future of freedom and equality, highlighting the importance and urgency of the fight.