What is the perspective that holds that societies evolve toward stability and perfection and only the fittest societies survive over time?
100
A sociologist who was strongly influenced by Charles Darwin and came up with the term "survival of the fittest."
Who is Herbert Spencer?
100
The sociological theory that sees society as made up of parts that work together to produce a stable society. Some of the parts include religion, family, education, economy, etc.
What is the Functionalist Perspective?
100
Fill in the missing step in the Scientific Method:
1. Define the problem
2. Review the Literature
3. ______________________
4. Choose a research design
5. Collect the data
6. Analyze the data
7. Present conclusions
What is Form a Hypothesis?
100
It has been noticed that as foot size increases, so does vocabulary. Is there a spurious correlation? If so, what is the third (confounding variable)?
YES, it is a spurious correlation. The confounding variable is age.
200
Verstehen
What is understanding the meanings individuals attach to their actions?
200
A sociologist who coined the term sociology and looked at the causes and consequences of the French Revolution.
Who is Auguste Comte?
200
Functionalists believe that society is held together by this, in which members of the society agree upon, and work together to achieve, what is best for society as a whole.
What is consensus?
200
This exists when a change in one variable is regularly associated with a change in another variable.
What is correlation?
200
Economists have noticed that as skirt lengths get longer, the markets go down. They also noticed that as skirt lengths get shorter, the markets go up. Do skirt lengths cause the markets to change? Is there a spurious relationship?
Skirt lengths do not cause the markets to change. There is a confounding variable (possibly weather or income levels).
300
Functionalist Perspective
What is the perspective that views society as a set of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social situation.
300
A sociologist who looked at separate groups in society rather than at society as a whole and used the term Verstehen to attemp to uncover people's feelings and thoughts.
Who is Max Weber?
300
This sociological theory looks at how people in society who are in charge take control over others and focuses on the forces in society that promote competition and change.
What is the conflict theory?
300
This type of research is when researchers become directly involved in the situation under investigation.
What is participant observation?
300
A student noticed that the more museums there are in a city, the more smog there is. Does the number of museums CAUSE smog? If not, what is the confounding variable?
The number of museums does not CAUSE smog. The confounding variable would be the population of the city.
400
Macrosociology
What is the study of large-scale systems or society as a whole?
400
A sociologist who was concerned with social order and looked at society as a series of interdependent parts that all have a function.
Who is Emile Durkheim?
400
This sociological theory is an extension of the conflict theory and views society as a gender system in which men dominate women and that which is considered masculine is more highly valued than that which is considered feminine.
What is the Feminist Theory?
400
This type of research allows sociologists to collect data on attitudes and opinions from large numbers of people in a small amount of time.
What is a survey?
400
Babies who are held less tend to cry more. Is there CORRELATION in this relationship? If so, is it positive or negative correlation? Is there CAUSATION?
There is a NEGATIVE correlation between being held and crying. There is causation.
500
Correlation
What is when a change in one variable is regularly associated with a change in another variable?
500
A sociologist who believed that the structure of society is influenced by how its economy is organized.
Who is Karl Marx?
500
This sociological theory looks that the interactions between people in society and looks at the role that symbols play in everyday life.
What is the Interactionist Perspective?
500
This is the type of variable that is manipulated by the researcher to see the impact on another variable.
What is the independent variable?
500
The amount of time that you are in the car is related to the distance that you go. Is there a correlation between these two events? Is it positive or negative? Is there causation?
There is a negative correlation between the two events. There is causation.