Teaching Strategies
A teaching strategy where each "trial" is a separate attempt to teach a new behavior or reinforce a previously learned behavior.
Discrete Trial Teaching
A description of a RESPONSE in terms of
1- The stimulus that immediately comes before the behavior
2- A description of the response in terms of its topography (what it looks like).
3- The immediate outcome of the behavior
A-B-C Data
Antecedent - Behavior - Consequence
The act of preparing someone for a particular activity or response by providing them with information beforehand. This can be done through timers, and verbal, visual ques.
Priming
One individual attempts to interrupt a student engaging in a behavior (often an inappropriate behavior) and attempts to engage him/her in an alternate (generally more appropriate) behavior.
Redirection
Verbal behavior (could be talking, signing, gesturing, etc.) that occurs when there is motivation for something and the reinforcer for the verbal behavior is the specific reinforcer.
Mand
A specific method of instruction where one attempts to teach a task by teaching the last step first and working through a task analysis in reverse.
Backward Chaining
This behavior occurs when an individual engages in a specific behavior to get out of a demand or an undesired situation.
Escape / Avoidance
A simple type of visual schedule that shows which tasks or events must happen before others.
First / Then Boards
Stating to the client what needs to be complete before a reinforcement is given
First / Then Statements.
The specific immediate result of a given behavior.
Consequence
Set procedures that are used in the event that the learner responds incorrectly or is non-responsive.
Error Correction
This behavior is driven by an individual's need for sensory input or stimulation.
Sensory / Automatic Reinforcement
Using gradual steps or “easy wins” to build momentum toward achieving a desired behavior or a more demanding goal.
Behavior Momentum/High-Probability Request sequence
Reinforcement that is provided for problem behavior is discontinued in order to decrease or eliminate occurrences problem behaviors. Staff does not give client behaviors any attention, but keeps their body in a calm and relaxed state.
Remaining Neutral / Extinction
To increase the potency of a reinforcer by not delivering it to the individual for a time.
Deprivation
Process used to create new behavior by differentially reinforcing successive approximations to a desired behavior (the target response).
Shaping
This is when a staff knows when to track behaviors and when to stop tracking behaviors
Onset / Off Set
Is the process of delivering rewards based on the passage of time, or freebies. Clients don't need to earn these they are freely given.
Noncontingent Reinforcement
Block or remove access to the reinforcer and the reinforcer until task is completed.
Response Block
Refers to the tendency for behavior “to get worse before it gets better”. When a previously reinforced behavior is no longer reinforced, the behavior will temporarily increase in frequency, magnitude, and variability.
Extinction Burst
Teaching that “takes advantage” of naturally occurring opportunities to teach, often with student-initiated activities.
Incidental Teaching
A process in which the events in the environment that are maintaining a particular response are identified.
Functional Analysis
Technique that involves a balanced interaction between two partners where each has some control or choice over an activity.
Shared Control
When are punishment procedures used with clients?
NEVER
*unless VERY closely supervised by a BCBA*
Verbal behavior where a non-verbal stimulus evokes a verbal response. In other words, one sees, hears, smells, tastes, or feels something that evokes a verbal response.
Tact