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Vocabulary
Court Cases
Vocabulary
Damages
Court Cases
100

The winner of a lawsuit is the _________.

Prevailing party 

100

The court case that racial segregation of children in public school was unconstitutional. 

Brown v Board of Education (1954)

100

________ is the degree of caution a normal person (a teacher) would use in similar circumstances. 

Reasonable care 

100

Money awarded to a person to compensate for their losses, damages, injury, or other expenses in result of negligence.

Compensatory damages

100
A case where 10 year old boy Hoyem (plaintiff), attended summer school and left the school premises before the end of the scheduled day. Hoyem was struck by a motorcycle and was injured. Plaintiffs' compliant claims that both the defendant breached this duty of care and that the negligence caused his injuries. 

Hoyem v. Manhattan Beach City School District (1978)

200

A common-law that states that federal, state, or local governments can not be sued without consent.  

governmental immunity 

200

A court case that raised importance to constitutional questions regarding the rights of public employees to maintain and express their private sexual preferences. Rowland told her sexual preferences to school secretary and some fellow teachers, she was later fired. the jury conduced that the petitioner had suffered damages as a result to of the decisions in the form of personal humiliation, mental anguish, and lost earnings. 

Rowland v. Mad River Local School District Montgomery County, Ohio 470 U.S. 1009 (1985)

200

A contract between the union and the school board will have deal with each other honestly, fairly, and in __________. They are to make an effort to come to an agreement. 

Good faith

200

Compensation awarded for to punish the defendant(s) for their wrong doing. 

Punitive damages

200

A court case where Young sued for educational malpractice. The board of education failed to teach him properly, and should have been aware of his inability to comprehend the content exposed. 

Hunter V. Board of Education of Montgomery Country (1981)

300

A law that allowed people to sue the government for civil rights violations of students' and teachers' constitutional rights. 

Section 1983

300

The court case that it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer. 

Engel v. Vitale 370 U.S. 421 (1962)

300

An act that is intentional, conscious, and done with purpose 

Willful conduct

300

Small amounts of money awarded when the plaintiff has had legally wronged but is unable to show actual damages occurred.

Nominal damages

300

A U.S. Supreme Court Case of Age discrimination in employment. O'Connor stated that the ADEA contains a statement of congress' intent to repeal the states sovereign immunity but the repeal exceeded congress' authority under the 14th amendment.

Kimel v Florida Board of Regents, 528 U.S. 62 (2000)

400

________________ includes fright, feelings of distress, anxiety, depression, grief, or psychosomatic physical symptoms. It can be considered when awarding damages for physical injury caused by negligence or intentional infliction. 

mental anguish and suffering

400

The court case that sued on behalf of the students in its district, arguing that property taxes were low in the area and the students were being underserved due to lack of funding among school districts. The equal protection clause of the 14th amendment mandates equal funding among school districts but it was rejected. 

San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez
400

Schools have a responsibility to provide students with a safe learning environment and a acquit teacher. When a school does not meet that standard of care it can be considered _________ if they knew or should have known the teachers background. 

Negligent hiring

400

A limiting factor of recovering damages due to the negligence of a plaintiff that contributed to or caused an injury (age restrictions).

Contributory negligence

400

A court case where student (Johnson) was injured while attending music class. Students were taught the song "London Bridge" and the student was flung across the room after being warned and taught how to properly play. The court found that under the circumstances the accident and injuries were foreseeable and that the negligence of teacher (Patton) was the proximate cause of the injury. 

Johnson, Appellee v. School District of Millard 

500

When someone disagrees with the majority opinion.

Dissenting opinion

500

The court case that the U.S. Supreme Court stated that searches and seizures many be conducted by school officials based upon "reasonable suspicion." A school official may properly conduct a search of a students person if the official has a reasonable suspicion that a crime has been or is in the process of being committed or reasonable cause to believe that the search is necessary to maintain school discipline or enforce school policies. 

New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)

500

To be held accountable for or responsible for.

Liable

500

Damages awarded to both plaintiff and defendant as they are both somewhat at fault and negligent. 

Comparative negligence 

500
A court case where plaintiff Rich seeks damages against the school for negligence and failure to recognize his learning disability. He was enrolled in second grade in 1978, he had to maintain a required standing in school (c average). He attended the school until 9th grade where he fell short on grades. Rich was informed that he would not be able to enroll in grade 10 if he did not improve his grades. He was diagnosed with a disorder that appeared to be the underlying factor of his failures in school. His teachers disagreed, and failed to comply. In addition to educational malpractice Rich claimed caused impairment of reputation.

Rich v. Kentucky County Day (1990)