Reproduction
The scientific term for sperm and eggs.
What is gametes?
The information storage molecule.
A section of DNA that codes for a protein.
What is a gene?
An change in a sequence of DNA.
What is a mutation?
A pair of chromosomes with the same genes.
What are homologous chromosomes?
A fertilised egg.
What is a zygote?
The building block of DNA.
What is a nucleotide?
The building block of proteins.
What is polypeptide/amino acids?
Causes changes in a base of DNA.
What is a mutagen/carcinogen?
The location of a gene on a chromosome.
What is a locus?
The term for possessing half the number of chromosomes.
What is haploid?
The principle that DNA always makes specific bonds between the same nitrogenous bases.
What is complementary base pairing?
The base the uracil binds with.
What is thymine?
Codes for methionine.
What is AUG/start codon?
The combination of alleles, and how they are physically expressed.
What is genotype and phenotype?
Triggers the release of the ova from the ovaries.
What is luteinising hormone?
The full name of DNA and RNA.
What is Deoxyribonucleic acid, and ribonucleic acid?
The process of turning DNA into RNA, and the process of turning RNA into a polypeptide.
What is transcription and translation?
Causes all subsequent codons to be misread during transcription.
What is a frameshift mutation?
A person with two copies of the same gene, and someone with different copies of a gene.
Produces two physically and genetically identical prokaryotic daughter cells from one mother cell.
What is binary fission?
The main four enzymes of DNA replication in the order of their function.
What is helicase, primase, DNA polymerase and ligase?
Uses rRNA and tRNA to produce polypeptides from and mRNA template.
What is a ribosome?
Results in premature truncation of a polypeptide.
What is a nonsense mutation?
25% type A, 50 % type AB, 25% type B.
What is the probability of offspring from crossing two AB heterozygotes?