The process by which a society reaches an advanced stage. It is characterized by having a government, religion, city organization to manage natural resources, culture, written communication, and social classes.
Civilization
100
Who was the leader of the Han Dynasty?
Emperor
100
Who was the leader of the Persian Empire?
The King of Kings (conquered lands were allowed to keep their ruler but everyone had to report to a single Persian King.)
100
Why did the early Roman Empire consider Christianity a threat?
Because it required people to worship someone other than the emperor and this threatened the power that the government had.
100
Name three ways that an empire expands.
1. Standing Military 2. Taxation 3. Trade
200
The spread of culture, language, and religion through trade and travel.
Cultural Diffusion
200
What religion was practiced in the Han Dynasty? What was one of its main ideals
Confucianism - based on respect for authority and elders
200
What religion was practiced in the Persian Empire?
Zoroastrianism
200
What is a Legionnaire?
Legionnaire is a professionally trained Roman soldier who conquered new land and protected territory.
200
Which world region did the Ancient Persian Empire occupy?
Middle East (extended from present-day Turkey to the border of India)
300
What is a Golden Age?
The height of an empire's success and stability.
300
Because of where it was located, the Han Dynasty was one of the first to have this branch of its military.
A Navy
300
True or False: The Persian Empire was the first to have professionally trained soldiers.
True
300
What was the Roman Forum?
The center of the empire located in Rome, Italy. It housed all of the major government buildings, temples, and ceremonial locations.
300
Name the four life cycle steps of an empire in the correct order.
Beginning (Growth) --> Expansion --> Golden Age --> Fall (Decline)
400
Dishonest conduct by those in a position of power. When something doesn't work the way its supposed to.
Corruption
400
Name one invention that we still use today that was developed during the Han Dynasty.
1. Magnetic Compass 2. Silk Weaving Loom 3. Paper and Paper Printing 4. Cast Iron Tool/Weapons
400
What natural resources did the Persian Empire have?
Large deposits of gold and metals
400
The Roman Empire's government shifted between two different systems. What were they? Who was in charge of each?
In the Roman Republic a Senate of 30 elected officials made decisions. In the Roman Empire a single emperor made all of the decisions.
400
Give two reasons the Han Dynasty fell?
1. Natural Disasters (Yellow River flooded and the Silk Road brought new diseases) 2. Imperial Courts became divided into factions 3. Government hired outside tribes to protect the borders 4. High taxes because of military debt
500
A succession of leaders from the same family.
Dynasty
500
Explain the Han Dynasty social pyramid from the top to the bottom
Upper Class = Emperor --> Middle Class = Kings, Military Officials, Farmers, Artisans --> Lower Class = Slaves and Merchants
500
What was different about the architecture in Persepolis than in other city centers at this time?
The architecture in Persepolis showed a celebration and a festival. In most other ancient city centers, architecture showed war and violent battles.
500
Name three inventions from the Roman Empire that are still in use today?
1. Roads and Highways 2. Battlefield Surgery 3. Aqueducts 4. Welfare 5. Newspapers
500
Name two reasons the Roman Empire fell.
1. Series of bad emperors (50 years) 2. High taxes because of government corruption 3. City was surrounded by Visigoths for two years (led to starvation and disease) 4. Empire became too large to manage