Blood Transfusions
The only solution compatible with red blood cells.
What is normal saline?
True or False: Non-dialysis nurses can change hemodialysis catheter dressings.
What is true?
This is the maximum dose for a ketamine drip on a general care unit.
What is 5mcg/kg/min?
These central lines must be discontinued by a trained APP or physician.
What are tunneled lines?
These three levels are documented on the flowsheet at least every 4 hours for the duration of PCA therapy, or more frequently as clinically indicated.
What are pain, sedation, and respiratory status?
A transfusion must be started within this amount of time after blood arrives on the unit.
What is 30 minutes?
New and mature AV fistulas and grafts should be assessed for turbulence of blood flow heard with a stethoscope.
What is a bruit?
For patients with Type 1 diabetes, an insulin infusion should not be stopped without administering this.
What is a long acting insulin?
These central lines are for short-term use and must be removed when a patient is discharged from the hospital.
What are non-tunneled catheters?
Nurses will utilize the electronic medication administration record (MAR) by scanning the patient and bag to document the start of therapy, and verify that pumps setting, and route match the order at the Start of each shift, Whenever a new bag is hung, With any change in therapy and at this time.
What is when therapy is suspended or discontinued?
A patient with O+ blood received A+ blood. They are at risk for this type of transfusion reaction.
What is a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
True or False: It is okay to draw labs from the red port of the hemodialysis catheter.
What is false?
This kind of monitoring is required for patients on continuous ketamine infusions.
What is moderate risk O2 saturation and cardiac monitoring?
When removing a PICC line, the catheter insertion site should be at or below the level of the heart to reduce the risk of this.
What is an air embolus?
True or False: It is necessary to empty remaining medication from a discontinued PCA in a measuring cup or withdraw into a syringe to record precise amount wasted.
What is true?
If a patient develops a skin rash, edema, and wheezing during a blood transfusion, the first thing you should do is this.
What is stop the transfusion?
This can be instilled into a hemodialysis catheter if it becomes occluded.
What is alteplase (t-PA)
For patients with conditions that cause a baseline elevated aPTT (e.g. lupus anticoagulant (LA) positive, antiphospholipid antibodies (APLAS), this lab test should be drawn to measure plasma heparin levels.
What is anti-Xa?
If you meet resistance when removing a non-tunneled catheter or PICC line you should do this.
These are the three most common medications used in PCA therapy.
What are morphine, hydromorphone, and fentanyl?
These carry oxygen throughout the body with the help of a protein called hemoglobin.
What are red blood cells?
This medication is routinely instilled in hemodialysis lines to prevent clotting.
What is ACD (Anticoagulant Citrate Dextrose)?
This is the antidote for heparin.
What is protamine sulfate?
Optimal central line tip placement is the distal one-third of this.
What is the superior vena cava (SVC)?
This is the antidote for over-sedation with PCA therapy.
What is naloxone?